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Direct fidelity estimation is a protocol that estimates the fidelity between an experimental quantum state and a target pure state. By measuring the expectation values of Pauli operators selected through importance sampling, the method is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Júlia Barberà-Rodríguez , Mariana Navarro , Leonardo Zambrano

Accurate quantum tomography is a vital tool in both fundamental and applied quantum science. It is a task that involves processing a noisy measurement record in order to construct a reliable estimate of an unknown quantum state, and is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-02 Eliot Bolduc , George Knee , Erik Gauger , Jonathan Leach

Characterizing quantum states is essential for validating quantum devices, yet conventional quantum state tomography becomes prohibitively expensive as system size grows. Direct tomography offers a distinct route by enabling selective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Jaekwon Chang , Guedong Park , Hyunseok Jeong , Yong Siah Teo , Yosep Kim

A variety of detectors has been proposed for dark matter direct detection, but most of them -- by the fact -- are still at R&D stage. In many cases, it is claimed that the lack of an adequate detectors' radio-purity might be compensated…

Adaptive tomography has been widely investigated to achieve faster state tomography processing of quantum systems. Infidelity of the nearly pure states in a quantum information process generally scales as O(1/sqrt(N) ), which requires a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-09 Hyeok Hwang , JaeKyung Choi , Eunseong Kim

Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS) is a unique technique to probe the local density of states (LDOS) at the atomic scale by measuring the tunneling conductance between a sharp tip and a sample surface. However, the technique suffers of…

In pure-state tomography, the concept of unique determinedness (UD) -- the ability to uniquely determine pure states from measurement results -- is crucial. This study presents a new variational approach to examining UD, offering a robust…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Chao Zhang , Xuanran Zhu , Bei Zeng

Multimode Gaussian states are a versatile resource for quantum information technologies and have been realized across a wide range of physical platforms. Recent progress in the large-scale generation of such states provides a key ingredient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Chan Roh , Geunhee Gwak , Young-Do Yoon , Young-Sik Ra

This paper considers the problem of computing Bayesian estimates of both states and model parameters for nonlinear state-space models. Generally, this problem does not have a tractable solution and approximations must be utilised. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-15 Jarrad Courts , Johannes Hendriks , Adrian Wills , Thomas Schön , Brett Ninness

We consider highly inaccurate measurements made on classical stochastic and quantum systems. In the quantum case such a \e{weak} measurement preserves coherence between the system's alternatives. We demonstrate that in both cases the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 D. Sokolovski , D. Alonso , S. Brouard

Quantum state tomography (QST), the task of estimating an unknown quantum state given measurement outcomes, is essential to building reliable quantum computing devices. Whereas computing the maximum-likelihood (ML) estimate corresponds to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Chien-Ming Lin , Yu-Ming Hsu , Yen-Huan Li

Tomographic reconstruction of quantum states plays a fundamental role in benchmarking quantum systems and accessing information encoded in quantum-mechanical systems. Among the informationally complete sets of quantum measurements, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Victor Gonzalez Avella , Jakub Czartowski , Dardo Goyeneche , Karol Życzkowski

The problem of state reconstruction and estimation is considered for a class of switched dynamical systems whose subsystems are modeled using linear differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). Since this system class imposes time-varying…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Aneel Tanwani , Stephan Trenn

Feasible tomography schemes for large particle numbers must possess, besides an appropriate data acquisition protocol, also an efficient way to reconstruct the density operator from the observed finite data set. Since state reconstruction…

Minimizing both experimental effort and consumption of valuable quantum resources in state estimation is vital in practical quantum information processing. Here, we explore characterizing states as an additional benefit of the entanglement…

Although squeezed states are nonclassical states, so far, their nonclassicality could not be demonstrated by negative quasiprobabilities. In this work we derive pattern functions for the direct experimental determination of so-called…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-12 T. Kiesel , W. Vogel , B. Hage , R. Schnabel

Quantum state tomography is an important tool for quantum communication, computation, metrology, and simulation. Efficient quantum state tomography on a high dimensional quantum system is still a challenging problem. Here, we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-07 Ruifeng Liu , Junling Long , Pei Zhang , Russell E. Lake , Hong Gao , David P. Pappas , Fuli Li

We study quantum steering experiments without assuming that the trusted party can perfectly control their measurement device. Instead, we introduce a scenario in which these measurements are subject to small imprecision. We show that small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-19 Armin Tavakoli

In computed tomography (CT), the forward model consists of a linear Radon transform followed by an exponential nonlinearity based on the attenuation of light according to the Beer-Lambert Law. Conventional reconstruction often involves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Sara Fridovich-Keil , Fabrizio Valdivia , Gordon Wetzstein , Benjamin Recht , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

The possible state space dimension increases exponentially with respect to the number of qubits. This feature makes the quantum state tomography expensive and impractical for identifying the state of merely several qubits. The recent…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Kezhi Li , Shuang Cong