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One of the leading models for the formation of multiple stellar populations within globular clusters is the "Fast Rotating Massive Star" (FRMS) scenario, where the ejecta of rapidly rotating massive stars is mixed with primordial material…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Nate Bastian , Katie Hollyhead , Ivan Cabrera-Ziri

Context. Globular clusters are considered key objects for understanding the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. In this sense, their characterisation in terms of their chemical and orbital parameters can provide constraints to the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-02-12 J. Schiappacasse-Ulloa , S. Lucatello , G. Cescutti , E. Carretta

In the globular cluster NGC2808, a quasi-standard initial lithium abundance is derived for a red giant belonging to the `extreme' population, characterized by a large helium overabundance, and by abundances of proton capture elements…

We discuss the diffuse emission of gamma rays and neutrinos from galaxy clusters in the viable models for structure formation in the universe. We use a self-consistent picture for cluster formation and evolution starting from a primordial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. Colafrancesco , P. Blasi

The observed discrete multiple stellar populations and internal abundance spreads in r- and s-process elements within globular clusters (GCs) have been suggested to be explained self-consistently by discrete star formation events over a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-03 Kenji Bekki

In this paper we refine our method for the abundance analysis of high resolution spectroscopy of the integrated light of unresolved globular clusters (GCs). This method was previously demonstrated for the analysis of old ($>$10 Gyr) Milky…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 J. E. Colucci , R. A. Bernstein , S. A. Cameron , A. McWilliam

We present an astrometry and photometry catalogue of globular cluster (GC) candidates detected with HST WFPC2 in a sample of 19 early-type galaxies, appropriate for comparison to the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) populations observed with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Philip J Humphrey

Using 3.6$\mu$m images of 97 early-type galaxies, we develop and verify methodology to measure globular cluster populations from the S$^4$G survey images. We find that 1) the ratio, T$_{\rm N}$, of the number of clusters, N$_{\rm CL}$, to…

We increase the sample of ultra diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in lower density environments with characterized globular cluster (GC) populations using new Hubble Space Telescope observations of nine UDGs in group environments. While the bulk of…

We present Str\"omgren photometry of the Galactic Globular Cluster M3 to study its multiple generations phenomenon. The use of different colour-magnitude diagrams and especially of the notoriously efficient c_y index allowed us to detect a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-30 Davide Massari , Emilio Lapenna , Angela Bragaglia , Emanuele Dalessandro , Rodrigo Contreras Ramos , Pia Amigo

Multiple generations of stars are routinely encountered in globular clusters but no convincing evidence has been found in Galactic open clusters to date. In this paper we use new photometric and spectroscopic data to search for multiple…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Giovanni Carraro , Gayandhi de Silva , Lorenzo Monaco , Antonino Milone , Renee Mateluna

We present chemical abundances for 17 elements in a sample of 11 red giant branch stars in NGC 6362 from UVES spectra. NGC 6362 is one of the least massive globulars where multiple populations have been detected, yet its detailed chemical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-12 D. Massari , A. Mucciarelli , E. Dalessandro , M. Bellazzini , S. Cassisi , G. Fiorentino , R. A. Ibata , C. Lardo , M. Salaris

Globular cluster (GC) systems have now been studied in galaxies ranging from dwarfs to giants and spanning the full Hubble sequence of morphological types. Imaging and spectroscopy with the Hubble Space Telescope and large ground-based…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Jean P. Brodie , Jay Strader

Multiple stellar populations (MPs) are a distinct characteristic of Globular Clusters (GCs). Their general properties have been widely studied among main sequence, red giant branch (RGB) and horizontal branch (HB) stars, but a common…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 E. P. Lagioia , A. P. Milone , A. F. Marino , M. Tailo , A. Renzini , M. Carlos , G. Cordoni , E. Dondoglio , S. Jang , A. Karakas , A. Dotter

Ages have been derived for 55 globular clusters (GCs) from overlays of isochrones onto the turnoff photometry, assuming distances based on fits of zero-age horizontal branch (ZAHB) models to the lower bound of the observed distributions of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-10-14 Don A. Vandenberg , Karsten Brogaard , Ryan Leaman , Luca Casagrande

We present an extenstive literature compilation of age, metallicity, and chemical abundance pattern information for the 41 Galactic globular clusters (GGCs) studied by Schiavon et al. (2005). Our compilation constitutes a notable…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-17 Joel C. Roediger , Stephane Courteau , Genevieve Graves , Ricardo Schiavon

We report the presence of two distinct red giant branches (RGBs) in the globular cluster NGC 288 from the narrow-band calcium and Str\"{o}mgren b & y photometry obtained at the CTIO 4m Blanco telescope. The RGB of NGC 288 is clearly split…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 Dong-Goo Roh , Young-Wook Lee , Seok-Joo Joo , Sang-Il Han , Young-Jong Sohn , Jae-Woo Lee

Spectroscopic studies have demonstrated that nearly all Galactic globular clusters (GCs) harbour multiple stellar populations with different chemical compositions. Moreover, colour-magnitude diagrams based exclusively on Str\"omgrem…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-05 Pieter Gruyters , Luca Casagrande , Antonino P. Milone , Simon T. Hodgkin , Aldo Serenelli , Sofia Feltzing

Recent progress in studies of globular clusters has shown that they are not simple stellar populations, being rather made of multiple generations. Evidence stems both from photometry and spectroscopy. A new paradigm is then arising for the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Raffaele Gratton , Eugenio Carretta , Angela Bragaglia

We started a photometric survey using the WFC3/UVIS instrument onboard the Hubble Space Telescope to search for multiple populations within Magellanic Cloud star clusters at various ages. In this paper, we introduce this survey. As first…