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We summarize the known obstructions to subfactors with principal graphs which begin with a triple point. One is based on Jones's quadratic tangles techniques, although we apply it in a novel way. The other two are based on connections…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2012-03-13 Scott Morrison , David Penneys , Emily Peters , Noah Snyder

In this paper, our goal is to characterize two graph classes based on the properties of minimal vertex (edge) separators. We first present a structural characterization of graphs in which every minimal vertex separator is a stable set. We…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-03-16 Mrinal Kumar , Gaurav Maheswari , N. Sadagopan

Given graphs $G$ and $H$, we propose a method to implicitly enumerate topological-minor-embeddings of $H$ in $G$ using decision diagrams. We show a useful application of our method to enumerating subgraphs characterized by forbidden…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Yu Nakahata , Jun Kawahara , Takashi Horiyama , Shin-ichi Minato

Graphs that are critical (minimal excluded minors) for embeddability in surfaces are studied. In Part I, it was shown that graphs that are critical for embeddings into surfaces of Euler genus $k$ or for embeddings into nonorientable surface…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-04 Bojan Mohar , Petr Škoda

A fundamental theorem in graph theory states that any 3-connected graph contains a subdivision of $K_4$. As a generalization, we ask for the minimum number of $K_4$-subdivisions that are contained in every $3$-connected graph on $n$…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Tillmann Miltzow , Jens M. Schmidt , Mingji Xia

A graph $G$ is a non-separating planar graph if there is a drawing $D$ of $G$ on the plane such that (1) no two edges cross each other in $D$ and (2) for any cycle $C$ in $D$, any two vertices not in $C$ are on the same side of $C$ in $D$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-24 Hooman R. Dehkordi , Graham Farr

For a fixed set ${\cal H}$ of graphs, a graph $G$ is ${\cal H}$-subgraph-free if $G$ does not contain any $H \in {\cal H}$ as a (not necessarily induced) subgraph. A recently proposed framework gives a complete classification on ${\cal…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Vadim Lozin , Barnaby Martin , Sukanya Pandey , Daniel Paulusma , Mark Siggers , Siani Smith , Erik Jan van Leeuwen

Given a convex polygon of $n$ sides, one can draw $n$ disks (called side disks) where each disk has a different side of the polygon as diameter and the midpoint of the side as its center. The intersection graph of such disks is the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-06-17 Clemens Huemer , Pablo Pérez-Lantero

The NP-hard problem of correlation clustering is to partition a signed graph such that the number of conflicts between the partition and the signature of the graph is minimized. This paper studies graph signatures that allow the optimal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-05 Jan-Hendrik Lange

A ladder is a $2 \times k$ grid graph. When does a graph class $\mathcal{C}$ exclude some ladder as a minor? We show that this is the case if and only if all graphs $G$ in $\mathcal{C}$ admit a proper vertex coloring with a bounded number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Tony Huynh , Gwenaël Joret , Piotr Micek , Michał T. Seweryn , Paul Wollan

A labelled, undirected graph is a graph whose edges have assigned labels, from a specific set. Given a labelled, undirected graph, the well-known minimum labelling spanning tree problem is aimed at finding the spanning tree of the graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Jose' Andres Moreno Perez , Sergio Consoli

We prove that every sufficiently big 6-connected graph of bounded tree-width either has a K_6 minor, or has a vertex whose deletion makes the graph planar. This is a step toward proving that the same conclusion holds for all sufficiently…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-09 Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Serguei Norine , Robin Thomas , Paul Wollan

We exhibit several families of planar graphs that are minor-minimal intrinsically spherical $3$-linked. A graph is intrinsically spherical 3-linked if it is planar graph that has, in every spherical embedding, a non-split 3-link consisting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Madeleine Burkhart , Andrew Castillo , Jonathan Doane , Joel Foisy , Cristopher Negron

The dominating graph of a graph G is a graph whose vertices correspond to the dominating sets of G and two vertices are adjacent whenever their corresponding dominating sets differ in exactly one vertex. Studying properties of dominating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-12 Alireza Mofidi

Let $a,b,c,d$ be four vertices in a graph $G$. A \emph{$K_4$-minor rooted} at $a,b,c,d$ consists of four pairwise-disjoint pairwise-adjacent connected subgraphs of $G$, respectively containing $a,b,c,d$. We characterise precisely when $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-02 Ruy Fabila-Monroy , David R. Wood

In this paper, we determine the maximum size of a nonhamiltonian-connected graph with prescribed order and minimum degree. We also characterize the extremal graphs that attain this maximum size. This work generalizes a previous result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Leilei Zhang

We find the structure of graphs that have no $C_4$, $\overline{C}_4$, $C_5$, chair and co-chair as induced subgraphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-05 Salman Ghazal

A platypus graph is a non-hamiltonian graph for which every vertex-deleted subgraph is traceable. They are closely related to families of graphs satisfying interesting conditions regarding longest paths and longest cycles, for instance…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-15 Jan Goedgebeur , Addie Neyt , Carol T. Zamfirescu

A Helly circular-arc graph is the intersection graph of a set of arcs on a circle having the Helly property. We introduce essential obstacles, which are a refinement of the notion of obstacles, and prove that essential obstacles are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Martín D. Safe

Many graph problems were first shown to be fixed-parameter tractable using the results of Robertson and Seymour on graph minors. We show that the combination of finite, computable, obstruction sets and efficient order tests is not just one…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-05-15 Michael R. Fellows , Bart M. P. Jansen