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Gaussian processes (GPs) are very widely used for modeling of unknown functions or surfaces in applications ranging from regression to classification to spatial processes. Although there is an increasingly vast literature on applications,…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-28 Lizhen Lin , Mu Niu , Pokman Cheung , David Dunson

We present a theoretically grounded Gaussian process framework that leverages neural feature maps to construct expressive kernels. We show that the learned feature map can be interpreted as an optimal low-rank approximation to a Gram matrix…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Anthony Stephenson

We present the Gaussian process density sampler (GPDS), an exchangeable generative model for use in nonparametric Bayesian density estimation. Samples drawn from the GPDS are consistent with exact, independent samples from a distribution…

Computation · Statistics 2009-12-25 Ryan Prescott Adams , Iain Murray , David J. C. MacKay

Gaussian process (GP) is a Bayesian model which provides several advantages for regression tasks in machine learning such as reliable quantitation of uncertainty and improved interpretability. Their adoption has been precluded by their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Jonathan Parkinson , Wei Wang

Many inferential tasks involve fitting models to observed data and predicting outcomes at new covariate values, requiring interpolation or extrapolation. Conventional methods select a single best-fitting model, discarding fits that were…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-01 Soonhong Cho , Doeun Kim , Chad Hazlett

Bayesian nonparametric models, such as Gaussian processes, provide a compelling framework for automatic statistical modelling: these models have a high degree of flexibility, and automatically calibrated complexity. However, automating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-12-04 Andrew Gordon Wilson , Christoph Dann , Christopher G. Lucas , Eric P. Xing

In many real-world applications we are interested in approximating costly functions that are analytically unknown, e.g. complex computer codes. An emulator provides a fast approximation of such functions relying on a limited number of…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-02 Hossein Mohammadi , Peter Challenor , Marc Goodfellow , Daniel Williamson

Gaussian processes are powerful models for probabilistic machine learning, but are limited in application by their $O(N^3)$ inference complexity. We propose a method for deriving parametric families of kernel functions with compact spatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Jarred Barber

Gaussian processes (GPs) are Bayesian nonparametric generative models that provide interpretability of hyperparameters, admit closed-form expressions for training and inference, and are able to accurately represent uncertainty. To model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-21 Gonzalo Rios , Felipe Tobar

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are known to provide accurate predictions and uncertainty estimates even with small amounts of labeled data by capturing similarity between data points through their kernel function. However traditional GP kernels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Ankur Mallick , Chaitanya Dwivedi , Bhavya Kailkhura , Gauri Joshi , T. Yong-Jin Han

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are expressive models for capturing signal statistics and expressing prediction uncertainty. As a result, the robotics community has gathered interest in leveraging these methods for inference, planning, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Francesco Crocetti , Jeffrey Mao , Alessandro Saviolo , Gabriele Costante , Giuseppe Loianno

We introduce a fast algorithm for Gaussian process regression in low dimensions, applicable to a widely-used family of non-stationary kernels. The non-stationarity of these kernels is induced by arbitrary spatially-varying vertical and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-28 P. Michael Kielstra , Michael Lindsey

Gaussian processes (GPs) are flexible models that can capture complex structure in large-scale dataset due to their non-parametric nature. However, the usage of GPs in real-world application is limited due to their high computational cost…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-06 Congzheng Song , Yiming Sun

A key challenge in spatial statistics is the analysis for massive spatially-referenced data sets. Such analyses often proceed from Gaussian process specifications that can produce rich and robust inference, but involve dense covariance…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-25 Shinichiro Shirota , Andrew O. Finley , Bruce D. Cook , Sudipto Banerjee

Gaussian process is a theoretically appealing model for nonparametric analysis, but its computational cumbersomeness hinders its use in large scale and the existing reduced-rank solutions are usually heuristic. In this work, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-25 Leo L. Duan , Xia Wang , Rhonda D. Szczesniak

Gaussian processes (GPs) can provide a principled approach to uncertainty quantification with easy-to-interpret kernel hyperparameters, such as the lengthscale, which controls the correlation distance of function values. However, selecting…

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are highly expressive, probabilistic models. A major limitation is their computational complexity. Naively, exact GP inference requires $\mathcal{O}(N^3)$ computations with $N$ denoting the number of modeled points.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Gordian Edenhofer , Reimar H. Leike , Philipp Frank , Torsten A. Enßlin

Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a powerful non-parametric framework for reasoning over functions. Despite appealing theory, its superlinear computational and memory complexities have presented a long-standing challenge. State-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-16 Hugh Salimbeni , Ching-An Cheng , Byron Boots , Marc Deisenroth

One obstacle to the use of Gaussian processes (GPs) in large-scale problems, and as a component in deep learning system, is the need for bespoke derivations and implementations for small variations in the model or inference. In order to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-04 Mark van der Wilk , Vincent Dutordoir , ST John , Artem Artemev , Vincent Adam , James Hensman

In this paper we introduce a novel framework for making exact nonparametric Bayesian inference on latent functions, that is particularly suitable for Big Data tasks. Firstly, we introduce a class of stochastic processes we refer to as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-22 Yves-Laurent Kom Samo , Stephen Roberts