Related papers: Sensor Compendium
The long spin coherence times in ambient conditions of color centers in solids, such as nitrogen-vacancy (NV$^{-}$) centers in diamond, make these systems attractive candidates for quantum sensing. Quantum sensing provides remarkable…
Photon-number measurements are a fundamental technique for the discrimination and characterization of quantum states of light. Beyond the abilities of state-of-the-art devices, we present measurements with an array of 100 avalanche…
The counting statistics give insight into the properties of quantum states of light and other quantum states of matter such as ultracold atoms or electrons. The theoretical description of photon counting was derived in the 1960s and was…
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments ATLAS and CMS have established hybrid pixel detectors as the instrument of choice for particle tracking and vertexing in high rate and radiation environments, as they operate close to the LHC…
CMOS pixel sensors (CPS) represent a novel technological approach to building charged particle detectors. CMOS processes allow to integrate a sensing volume and readout electronics in a single silicon die allowing to build sensors with a…
Pixel detectors have been the working horse for high resolution, high rate and radiation particle tracking for the past 20 years. The field has spun off into imaging applications with equal uniqueness. Now the move is towards larger…
Sensor placement for contaminant detection in water distribution systems (WDS) has become a topic of great interest aiming to secure a population's water supply. Several approaches can be found in the literature with differences ranging…
I sketch some pressing questions in several active areas of particle physics and outline the challenges they present for the design and operation of detectors.
The physical parameters governing the dynamics of a light emitting quantum system can be estimated from the photon counting signal. The information available in the full detection record can be analysed by means of the distribution of…
Photodetection plays a key role in basic science and technology, with exquisite performance having been achieved down to the single photon level. Further improvements in photodetectors would open new possibilities across a broad range of…
The forward proton detectors, already existing at the LHC, are considered in the context of heavy ion collisions. It is shown that such detectors have the potential to measure nuclear debris originating from spectator nucleons. The…
The identification of light sources represents a task of utmost importance for the development of multiple photonic technologies. Over the last decades, the identification of light sources as diverse as sunlight, laser radiation and…
Single-photon detectors have achieved impressive performance, and have led to a number of new scientific discoveries and technological applications. Existing models of photodetectors are semiclassical in that the field-matter interaction is…
Quantum resources can enhance the sensitivity of a device beyond the classical shot noise limit and, as a result, revolutionize the field of metrology through the development of quantum-enhanced sensors. In particular, plasmonic sensors,…
Imaging, detection and ranging of objects in the presence of significant background noise is a fundamental challenge in optical sensing. Overcoming the limitations imposed in conventional methods, quantum light sources show higher…
Small solid state qubits, most prominently single spins in solids, can be remarkable sensors for various physical quantities ranging from magnetic fields to temperature. They package the performance of their bulk semiconductor counterparts…
A wireless sensor network comprises of small sensor nodes each of which consists of a processing device, small amount of memory, battery and radio transceiver for communication. The sensor nodes are autonomous and spatially distributed in…
Hybridization of pixel detector systems has to satisfy tight requirements: high yield, long term reliability, mechanical stability, thermal compliance and robustness have to go together with low passive mass added to the system, radiation…
Elementary particle detectors fall broadly into only two classes: phase-transformation devices, such as the bubble chamber, and charge-transfer devices like the Geiger-Mueller tube. Quantum measurements are seen to involve transitions from…
In a single-particle detection experiment, a wavefront impinges on a detector but observers only see a point response. The extent of the wavefront becomes evident only in statistical accumulation of many independent detections, with…