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We show that smooth solutions to the Euler equation on the half-plane can exhibit double-exponential growth of their vorticity gradients. We also determine the maximal possible growth rate and construct solutions that saturate it. These are…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Andrej Zlatos

We construct an initial data for the two-dimensional Euler equation in a bounded smooth symmetric domain such that the gradient of vorticity in $L^{\infty}$ grows as a double exponential in time for all time. Our construction is based on…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-04-25 Xiaoqian Xu

For any $A > 2$, we construct solutions to the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equations on the torus $\mathbb{T}^2$ whose vorticity gradient $\nabla\omega$ grows exponentially in time: $$\|\nabla\omega(t, \cdot)\|_{L^\infty} \gtrsim…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-08-26 Zhen Lei , Jia Shi

We prove that for solutions of the Euler equation on the sphere, the vorticity gradient can grow at most double-exponentially in time, and we show that this upper bound is sharp by constructing explicit solutions with odd symmetry that…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Daomin Cao , Junhong Fan , Guolin Qin

For the two-dimensional Euler equation on the torus, we prove that the uniform norm of the vorticity gradient can grow as double exponential over arbitrarily long but finite time provided that at time zero it is already sufficiently large.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-05-07 Sergey A. Denisov

By performing estimates on the integral of the absolute value of vorticity along a local vortex line segment, we establish a relatively sharp dynamic growth estimate of maximum vorticity under some assumptions on the local geometric…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2010-11-29 Thomas Y. Hou , Zuoqiang Shi

We construct infinitely many admissible weak solutions to the 2D incompressible Euler equations for vortex sheet initial data. Our initial datum has vorticity concentrated on a simple closed curve in a suitable H\"older space and the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-05-19 Francisco Mengual , László Székelyhidi

For two-dimensional Euler equation on the torus, we prove that the uniform norm of the gradient can grow superlinearly for some infinitely smooth initial data. We also show the exponential growth of the gradient for the finite time.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2009-08-25 Sergey A. Denisov

In this paper, we consider 2D incompressible Euler equations in an unbounded domain with a free surface and a fixed bottom at finite depth. The fluid motion is under the influence of gravity and surface tension. We construct initial data…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Yuanpeng Tu

We introduce a model for the two-dimensional Euler equations which is designed to study whether or not double exponential growth can be achieved at an interior point of the flow.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-01-20 Nets Hawk Katz , Andrew Tapay

We consider smooth, double-odd solutions of the two-dimensional Euler equation in $[-1, 1)^2$ with periodic boundary conditions. It is tempting to think that the symmetry in the flow induces possible double-exponential growth in time of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-01-19 Vu Hoang , Maria Radosz

It is well known that the Euler vortex patch in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ will remain regular if it is regular enough initially. In bounded domains, the regularity theory for patch solutions is less complete. We study here the Euler vortex patch in…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-08-25 Chao Li

We study the rate of growth of sharp fronts of the Quasi-geostrophic equation and 2D incompressible Euler equations.. The development of sharp fronts are due to a mechanism that piles up level sets very fast. Under a semi-uniform collapse,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Diego Cordoba , Charles Fefferman

We consider the vorticity gradient growth of solutions to the two-dimensional Euler equations in domains without boundary, namely in the torus $\mathbb{T}^{2}$ and the whole plane $\mathbb{R}^{2}$. In the torus, whenever we have a steady…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-07-22 In-Jee Jeong , Yao Yao , Tao Zhou

We show that two distinct level sets of the vorticity of a solution to the 2D Euler equations on a disc can approach each other along a curve at an arbitrarily large exponential rate.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-04-18 Andrej Zlatos

We consider the 3D axisymmetric Euler equations without swirl on some bounded axial symmetric domains. In this setting, well-posedness is well known due to the essentially 2D geometry. The quantity $\omega^\theta/r$ plays the role of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-05-22 Tam Do

We are concerned with supersonic vortex sheets for the Euler equations of compressible inviscid fluids in two space dimensions. For the problem with constant coefficients we derive an evolution equation for the discontinuity front of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-06-19 Alessandro Morando , Paolo Secchi , Paola Trebeschi

We prove the uniqueness and finite-time existence of bounded-vorticity solutions to the 2D Euler equations having velocity growing slower than the square root of the distance from the origin, obtaining global existence for more slowly…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-09-22 Elaine Cozzi , James P. Kelliher

The Cauchy problem for the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equation is globally well-posed for smooth initial data. In this paper, we show that for a dense $G_\delta$ set of initial data, the solutions lose regularity in infinite time,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Thomas Alazard , Ayman Rimah Said

We consider the two-dimensional Euler equations in non-smooth domains with corners. It is shown that if the angle of the corner $\theta$ is strictly less than $\pi/2$, the Lipschitz estimate of the vorticity at the corner is at most single…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-02-03 Tsubasa Itoh , Hideyuki Miura , Tsuyoshi Yoneda
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