Related papers: Reliability Models for Highly Fault-tolerant Stora…
One of the most important parts of cloud computing is storage devices, and Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) systems are well known and frequently used storage devices. With the increasing production of data in cloud environments,…
In this paper we address issues of reliability of RAID systems. We focus on "big data" systems with a large number of drives and advanced error correction schemes beyond \RAID{6}. Our RAID paradigm is based on Reed-Solomon codes, and thus…
Continuous Time Markov Chains (CTMC) have been used extensively to model reliability of storage systems. While the exponentially distributed sojourn time of Markov models is widely known to be unrealistic (and it is necessary to consider…
Reliability modelling of RAID storage systems with its various components such as RAID controllers, enclosures, expanders, interconnects and disks is important from a storage system designer's point of view. A model that can express all the…
The reliability of erasure-coded distributed storage systems, as measured by the mean time to data loss (MTTDL), depends on the repair bandwidth of the code. Repair-efficient codes provide reliability values several orders of magnitude…
High-precision modeling of systems is one of the main areas of industrial data analysis. Models of systems, their digital twins, are used to predict their behavior under various conditions. We have developed several models of a storage…
This is a followup to the 1994 tutorial by Berkeley RAID researchers whose 1988 RAID paper foresaw a revolutionary change in storage industry based on advances in magnetic disk technology, i.e., replacement of large capacity expensive disks…
Solid-state drives (SSDs) have been widely deployed in desktops and data centers. However, SSDs suffer from bit errors, and the bit error rate is time dependent since it increases as an SSD wears down. Traditional storage systems mainly use…
This paper delves into a comprehensive analysis of fault-tolerant memory systems, focusing on recovery techniques modeled using Markov chains to address transient errors. The study revolves around the application of scrubbing methods in…
Software reliability models are one of the most generally used mathematical tool for estimation of reliability, failure rate and number of remaining faults in the software. Existing software reliability models are designed to follow…
Large disk arrays are organized into storage nodes -- SNs or bricks with their own cashed RAID controller for multiple disks. Erasure coding at SN level is attained via parity or Reed-Solomon codes. Hierarchical RAID -- HRAID -- provides an…
Software reliability models are an important tool in quality management and release planning. There is a large number of different models that often exhibit strengths in different areas. This paper proposes a model that is based on a…
Here we introduce the idea of using rational expectations, a core concept in economics and finance, as a tool to predict the optimal failure time for a wide class of weighted k-out-of-n reliability systems. We illustrate the concept by…
Serial-parallel redundancy is a reliable way to ensure service and systems will be available in cloud computing. That method involves making copies of the same system or program, with only one remaining active. When an error occurs, the…
Metastable failure is a recent abstraction of a pattern of failures that occurs frequently in real-world distributed storage systems. In this paper, we propose a formal analysis and modeling of metastable failures in replicated storage…
One of the ways to satisfy the requirements of ultra-reliable low latency communication for mission critical Machine-type Communications (MTC) applications is to integrate multiple communication interfaces. In order to estimate the…
Spin-Transfer Torque Magnetic RAM (STT-MRAM) is known as the most promising replacement for SRAM technology in large Last-Level Caches (LLCs). Despite its high-density, non-volatility, near-zero leakage power, and immunity to radiation as…
Many emerging Web services, such as email, photo sharing, and web site archives, need to preserve large amounts of quickly-accessible data indefinitely into the future. In this paper, we make the case that these applications' demands on…
We present a new approach to fault tolerance for High Performance Computing system. Our approach is based on a careful adaptation of the Algorithmic Based Fault Tolerance technique (Huang and Abraham, 1984) to the need of parallel…
Energy increasingly constrains modern computer hardware, yet protecting computations and data against errors costs energy. This holds at all scales, but especially for the largest parallel computers being built and planned today. As…