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An approximate analytical solution to the fluctuation potential problem in the modified Poisson-Boltzmann theory of electrolyte solutions in the restricted primitive model is presented. The solution is valid for all inter-ionic distances,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-12-15 E. O. Ulloa-Dávila , L. B. Bhuiyan

Intrinsic fluctuations around the solution of the lattice Boltzmann equation are described or modeled by addition of a white Gaussian noise source. For stationary states a fluctuation-dissipation theorem relates the variance of the…

comp-gas · Physics 2008-02-03 J. W. Dufty , M. H. Ernst

We formulate the non-linear field theory for a fluctuating counter-ion distribution in the presence of a fixed, arbitrary charge distribution. The Poisson-Boltzmann equation is obtained as the saddle-point, and the effects of fluctuations…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-25 Roland R. Netz , Henri Orland

Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) theory is the classic approach to soft matter electrostatics which has been applied to numerous problems of physical chemistry and biophysics. Its essential limitations are the neglect of correlation effects and of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-03 Sahin Buyukdagli , Ralf Blossey

We present a method aimed at sampling charge density fluctuations in Coulomb systems. The derivation follows from a functional integral representation of the partition function in terms of charge density fluctuations. Starting from the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-03-21 Frédéric Poitevin , Marc Delarue , Henri Orland

At mesoscopic scales electrolyte solutions are modeled by the fluctuating generalized Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations [J.-P. P\'eraud et al., Phys. Rev. F, 1(7):074103, 2016]. However, at length and time scales larger than the Debye…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-04-10 Aleksandar Donev , Andrew J. Nonaka , Changho Kim , Alejandro L. Garcia , John B. Bell

This work presents a rigorous statistical mechanical theory of solvation free energies, specifically useful for describing the long-range nature of ions in an electrolyte solution. The theory avoids common issues with field theories by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-12-29 David M. Rogers

In this paper we study the fluctuation spectrum of a linearized Vlasov-Poisson equation in the presence of a small external electric field. Conditions for the control of the linear fluctuations by an external electric field are established.

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ricardo Lima , R. Vilela Mendes

We derive the fluctuation-dissipation relation and explore its connection with the equipartition theorem and Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics through the use of different stochastic analytical techniques. Our first approach is the theory of…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-08 Carlos Escudero

A variational approach is used to develop a robust numerical procedure for solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Following Maggs et al., we construct an appropriate constrained free energy functional, such that its…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-04-29 M. Baptista , R. Schmitz , B. Duenweg

We demonstrate how Bose-Einstein correlations emerge from the correlations of fluctuations allowing for their extremely simple and fast numerical modelling. Both the advantages and limitations of this new method of implementation of BEC in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Rybczynski , O. V. Utyuzh , G. Wilk , Z. Wlodarczyk

A variant of coupled-cluster theory is described here, wherein the degrees of freedom are fluctuations of fragments between internally correlated states. The effects of intra-fragment correlation on the inter-fragment interaction are…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-05-24 Yuhong Liu , Anthony D. Dutoi

In this paper we show that standard implementations of fluctuating Lattice Boltzmann methods do not obey Galilean invariance at a fundamental level. In trying to remedy this we are led to a novel kind of multi-relaxation time lattice…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-08-09 G. Kaehler , A. J. Wagner

The Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) theory is one of the most important theoretical models describing charged systems continuously. However, it suffers from neglecting ion correlations, which hinders its applicability to more general charged systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-26 Mao Su , Yanting Wang

The Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) theory is widely used to depict ionic systems. As a mean-field theory, the PB theory neglects the correlation effect in the ionic atmosphere and leads to deviations from experimental results as the concentration…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-06-25 Mao Su , Zhijie Xu , Yanting Wang

In this letter we analyze the effects of an externally applied electric field on thermal fluctuations for a fluid containing charged species. We show in particular that the fluctuating Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for charged…

Heat fluctuations over a time \tau in a non-equilibrium stationary state and in a transient state are studied for a simple system with deterministic and stochastic components: a Brownian particle dragged through a fluid by a harmonic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. van Zon , E. G. D. Cohen

We present a mathematical theory of dynamical fluctuations for the hard sphere gas in the Boltzmann-Grad limit. We prove that: (1) fluctuations of the empirical measure from the solution of the Boltzmann equation, scaled with the square…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-08-26 Thierry Bodineau , Isabelle Gallagher , Laure Saint-Raymond , Sergio Simonella

The Poisson--Boltzmann equation is widely used to model electrostatics in molecular systems. Available software packages solve it using finite difference, finite element, and boundary element methods, where the latter is attractive due to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Michal Bosy , Matthew W. Scroggs , Timo Betcke , Erik Burman , Christopher D. Cooper

We evaluate the exponentially rare fluctuations of the ionic current for a dilute electrolyte by means of macroscopic fluctuation theory. We consider the fluctuating hydrodynamics of a fluid electrolyte described by a stochastic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-25 Jafar Farhadi , David T. Limmer
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