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We exhibit non-switching-isomorphic signed graphs that share a common underlying graph and common chromatic polynomials, thereby answering a question posed by Zaslavsky. For various joins of all-positive or all-negative signed complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Gary R. W. Greaves , Jeven Syatriadi , Charissa I. Utomo

Pushable homomorphisms and the pushable chromatic number $\chi_p$ of oriented graphs were introduced by Klostermeyer and MacGillivray in 2004. They notably observed that, for any oriented graph $\overrightarrow{G}$, we have…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Julien Bensmail , Sandip Das , Soumen Nandi , Théo Pierron , Soumyajit Paul , Sagnik Sen , Eric Sopena

A {\em strong $k$-edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a mapping from $E(G)$ to $\{1,2,\ldots,k\}$ such that every two adjacent edges or two edges adjacent to the same edge receive distinct colors. The {\em strong chromatic index} $\chi_s'(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-24 Ilkyoo Choi , Jaehoon Kim , Alexandr V. Kostochka , André Raspaud

Coloring a graph $G$ consists in finding an assignment of colors $c: V(G)\to\{1,\ldots,p\}$ such that any pair of adjacent vertices receives different colors. The minimum integer $p$ such that a coloring exists is called the chromatic…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Théo Pierron

In this paper we find chromatic numbers of distance graphs $G(n,3,2)$ for infinitely many n. Also we improve upper bound for $\chi(G(n,r,s))$ in large part of cases.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-08 D. Zakharov

The chromatic threshold $\delta_\chi(H,p)$ of a graph $H$ with respect to the random graph $G(n,p)$ is the infimum over $d > 0$ such that the following holds with high probability: the family of $H$-free graphs $G \subset G(n,p)$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-15 Peter Allen , Julia Böttcher , Simon Griffiths , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Robert Morris

The \emph{packing chromatic number $\chi_\rho (G)$} of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ for which there exists a vertex coloring $\Gamma: V(G)\rightarrow \{1,2,\dots , k\}$ such that any two vertices of color $i$ are at distance at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-26 Julián Fresán-Figueroa , Diego González-Moreno , Mika Olsen

Although it has recently been proved that the packing chromatic number is unbounded on the class of subcubic graphs, there exists subclasses in which the packing chromatic number is finite (and small). These subclasses include subcubic…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Nicolas Gastineau , P{ř}emysl Holub , Olivier Togni

The dichromatic number of a digraph is the minimum integer $k$ such that it admits a $k$-dicolouring, i.e. a partition of its vertices into $k$ acyclic subdigraphs. We say that a digraph $D$ is a super-orientation of an undirected graph $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-27 Stéphane Bessy , Frédéric Havet , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta

The chromatic number of a very dense random graph $G(n,p)$, with $p \ge 1 - n^{-c}$ for some constant $c > 0$, was first studied by Surya and Warnke, who conjectured that the typical deviation of $\chi(G(n,p))$ from its mean is of order…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-27 Zhifei Yan

We consider proper colorings of planar graphs embedded in the annulus, such that vertices on one rim can take Q_s colors, while all remaining vertices can take Q colors. The corresponding chromatic polynomial is related to the partition…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Jesper Lykke Jacobsen , Hubert Saleur

A b-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of its vertices such that every color class contains a vertex that has neighbors in all other classes. The b-chromatic number of $G$ is the largest integer $k$ such that $G$ has a b-coloring with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-09 Frédéric Maffray , Artur Mesquita Barbosa

Let $G$ be a graph and $k$ a positive integer. A strong $k$-edge-coloring of $G$ is a mapping $\phi: E(G)\to \{1,2,\dots,k\}$ such that for any two edges $e$ and $e'$ that are either adjacent to each other or adjacent to a common edge,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-22 Yuquan Lin , Wensong Lin

Proper edge coloring of a graph $G$ is called acyclic if there is no bichromatic cycle in $G$. The acyclic chromatic index of $G$, denoted by $\chi'_a(G)$, is the least number of colors $k$ such that $G$ has an acyclic edge $k$-coloring.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-26 Yue Guan , Jianfeng Hou , Yingyuan Yang

The chromatic index $\chi'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest $k$ for which $G$ admits an edge $k$-coloring such that any two adjacent edges have distinct colors. The strong chromatic index $\chi'_s(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest $k$ such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Yiqiao Wang , Ning Song , Jianfeng Wang , Weifan Wang

A variety of powerful extremal results have been shown for the chromatic number of triangle-free graphs. Three noteworthy bounds are in terms of the number of vertices, edges, and maximum degree given by Poljak \& Tuza (1994), and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-13 David G. Harris

We present a new correspondence between acyclic orientations and coloring of a signed graph (symmetric graph). Goodall et al. introduced a bivariate chromatic polynomial $\chi_G(k,l)$ that counts the number of signed colorings using colors…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-07 Jiyang Gao

The boxicity (respectively cubicity) of a graph $G$ is the minimum non-negative integer $k$, such that $G$ can be represented as an intersection graph of axis-parallel $k$-dimensional boxes (respectively $k$-dimensional unit cubes) and is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-30 L. Sunil Chandran , Rogers Mathew , Deepak Rajendraprasad

Let $\text{ch}(G)$ denote the choice number of a graph $G$ (also called "list chromatic number" or "choosability" of $G$). Noel, Reed, and Wu proved the conjecture of Ohba that $\text{ch}(G)=\chi(G)$ when $|V(G)|\le 2\chi(G)+1$. We extend…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-28 Jonathan A. Noel , Douglas B. West , Hehui Wu , Xuding Zhu

We introduce a class of pairs of graphs consisting of two cliques joined by an arbitrary number of edges. The members of a pair have the property that the clique-bridging edge-set of one graph is the complement of that of the other. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-08 Adam Bohn