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Items in a test are often used as a basis for making decisions and such tests are therefore required to have good psychometric properties, like unidimensionality. In many cases the sum score is used in combination with a threshold to decide…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-14 Lourens Waldorp , Maarten Marsman , Denny Borsboom

We present Causal Posterior Estimation (CPE), a novel method for Bayesian inference in simulator models, i.e., models where the evaluation of the likelihood function is intractable or too computationally expensive, but where one can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Simon Dirmeier , Antonietta Mira

Bayesian personalized federated learning (BPFL) addresses challenges in existing personalized FL (PFL). BPFL aims to quantify the uncertainty and heterogeneity within and across clients towards uncertainty representations by addressing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Hui Chen , Hengyu Liu , Longbing Cao , Tiancheng Zhang

While deep neural networks (DNNs) based personalized federated learning (PFL) is demanding for addressing data heterogeneity and shows promising performance, existing methods for federated learning (FL) suffer from efficient systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hui Chen , Hengyu Liu , Zhangkai Wu , Xuhui Fan , Longbing Cao

Estimating the value function for a fixed policy is a fundamental problem in reinforcement learning. Policy evaluation algorithms---to estimate value functions---continue to be developed, to improve convergence rates, improve stability and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-29 Touqir Sajed , Wesley Chung , Martha White

We give two results on PAC learning DNF formulas using membership queries in the challenging "distribution-free" learning framework, where learning algorithms must succeed for an arbitrary and unknown distribution over $\{0,1\}^n$. (1) We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Josh Alman , Shivam Nadimpalli , Shyamal Patel , Rocco A. Servedio

Boolean matrix factorization (BMF) is a popular and powerful technique for inferring knowledge from data. The mining result is the Boolean product of two matrices, approximating the input dataset. The Boolean product is a disjunction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Sibylle Hess , Nico Piatkowski , Katharina Morik

We consider a basic problem in unsupervised learning: learning an unknown \emph{Poisson Binomial Distribution}. A Poisson Binomial Distribution (PBD) over $\{0,1,\dots,n\}$ is the distribution of a sum of $n$ independent Bernoulli random…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-18 Constantinos Daskalakis , Ilias Diakonikolas , Rocco A. Servedio

Given noisy data, function estimation is considered when the unknown function is known apriori to consist of a small number of regions where the function is either convex or concave. When the regions are known apriori, the estimate is…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-18 Kurt S. Riedel

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are of utmost importance in various scientific and industrial areas. They are the natural description of dynamical processes whose precise equations of motion are either not known or too expensive to…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-08 Philipp Frank , Theo Steininger , Torsten A. Enßlin

We give a new consistent scoring function for structure learning of Bayesian networks. In contrast to traditional approaches to score-based structure learning, such as BDeu or MDL, the complexity penalty that we propose is data-dependent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Eliot Brenner , David Sontag

This paper deals with the problem of finding suboptimal values of an unknown function on the basis of measured data corrupted by bounded noise. As a prior, we assume that the unknown function is parameterized in terms of a number of basis…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Jaap Eising , Jorge Cortes

We study the problem of estimating the parameters of a Boolean product distribution in $d$ dimensions, when the samples are truncated by a set $S \subset \{0, 1\}^d$ accessible through a membership oracle. This is the first time that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Dimitris Fotakis , Alkis Kalavasis , Christos Tzamos

We introduce a simple and intuitive framework that provides quantitative explanations of statistical models through the probabilistic assessment of input feature importance. The core idea comes from utilizing the Dirichlet distribution to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-20 Kamil Adamczewski , Frederik Harder , Mijung Park

Control barrier functions (CBFs) have been widely used for synthesizing controllers in safety-critical applications. When used as a safety filter, it provides a simple and computationally efficient way to obtain safe controls from a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-13 Bolun Dai , Heming Huang , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Farshad Khorrami

We consider distributed learning problem in games with an unknown cost-relevant parameter, and aim to find the Nash equilibrium while learning the true parameter. Inspired by the social learning literature, we propose a distributed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-14 Shijie Huang , Jinlong Lei , Yiguang Hong

Interpretability of learning algorithms is crucial for applications involving critical decisions, and variable importance is one of the main interpretation tools. Shapley effects are now widely used to interpret both tree ensembles and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-03 Clément Bénard , Gérard Biau , Sébastien da Veiga , Erwan Scornet

We develop a method for training neural networks on Boolean data in which the values at all nodes are strictly $\pm 1$, and the resulting models are typically equivalent to networks whose nonzero weights are also $\pm 1$. The method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Veit Elser , Manish Krishan Lal

The notion of expense in Bayesian optimisation generally refers to the uniformly expensive cost of function evaluations over the whole search space. However, in some scenarios, the cost of evaluation for black-box objective functions is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Majid Abdolshah , Alistair Shilton , Santu Rana , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh

Annotating the right data for training deep neural networks is an important challenge. Active learning using uncertainty estimates from Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) could provide an effective solution to this. Despite being theoretically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Kashyap Chitta , Jose M. Alvarez , Adam Lesnikowski