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In this paper, we introduce an algebraic-topological invariant for commutative pm-rings, termed the spectral fundamental group, which is denoted by $\pi_{k}^{alg}(A)$. This group is defined via homotopy classes of loops within the space of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Biswajit Mitra , Sourav Koner

For a ring $R$, the zero-divisor graph is a simple graph $\Gamma(R)$ whose vertex set is the set of all non-zero zero-divisors in a ring $R$, and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy=0$ or $yx=0$ in $R$. By…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-18 Krishnat Masalkar , Anil Khairnar , Anita Lande , Lata Kadam

Let $M$ be a closed 4-manifold with $\pi_2(M)\cong{Z}$. Then $M$ is homotopy equivalent to either $CP^2$, or the total space of an orbifold bundle with general fibre $S^2$ over a 2-orbifold $B$, or the total space of an $RP^2$-bundle over…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2013-04-10 Jonathan A. Hillman

We prove that the Real Johnson-Wilson theories ER(n) are homotopy associative and commutative ring spectra up to phantom maps. We further show that ER(n) represents an associatively and commutatively multiplicative cohomology theory on the…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2017-08-31 Nitu Kitchloo , Vitaly Lorman , W. Stephen Wilson

We construct a new spectrum of units for a commutative symmetric ring spectrum that detects the difference between a periodic ring spectrum and its connective cover. It is augmented over the sphere spectrum. The homotopy cofiber of its…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2016-05-04 Steffen Sagave

The paper is devoted to study the space of multiplicative maps from the Eilenberg-MacLane spectrum $H\Z$ to an arbitrary ring spectrum $R$. We try to generalize the approach of Schwede from "Formal groups and stable homotopy of commutative…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2011-12-02 Stanislaw Betley

We compute the homology of the spaces in the Omega spectrum for $BoP$. There is no torsion in $H_*(\underline{BoP}_{\; i})$ for $i \ge 2$, and things are only slightly more complicated for $i < 2$. We find the complete homotopy type of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-05-13 W. Stephen Wilson

We show that the homotopy groups of a connective $E_k$-ring spectrum with an $E_k$-cell attached along a class $\alpha$ in degree $n$ are isomorphic to the homotopy groups of the cofiber of the self-map associated to $\alpha$ through degree…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-11-20 Jonathan Beardsley

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. We define a graph $\Gamma_{\aut}(R)$ on $ R$, with vertices elements of $R$, such that any two distinct vertices $x, y$ are adjacent if and only if there exists $\sigma \in \aut$ such that…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2010-03-02 N. Mohan Kumar , Pramod K. Sharma

Two locally generic maps f,g : M^n --> R^{2n-1} are regularly homotopic if they lie in the same path-component of the space of locally generic maps. Our main result is that if n is not 3 and M^n is a closed n-manifold then the regular…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Andras Juhasz

A square matrix of order $n$ with $n\geq 2$ is called a \textit{permutative matrix} or permutative when all its rows (up to the first one) are permutations of precisely its first row. In this paper, the spectra of a class of permutative…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-08 Cristina B. Manzaneda , Enide Andrade , María Robbiano

Let $X$ be a simply connected pointed space with finitely generated homotopy groups. Let $\Pi_n(X)$ denote the set of all continuous maps $a:I^n\to X$ taking $\partial I^n$ to the basepoint. For $a\in\Pi_n(X)$, let $[a]\in\pi_n(X)$ be its…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. S. Podkorytov

We construct C-algebras for a class of surfaces that are inverse images of certain polynomials of arbitrary degree. By using the directed graph associated to a matrix, the representation theory can be understood in terms of ``loop'' and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Joakim Arnlind

We study matrix semigroups in which ring commutators have real spectra. We prove that irreducible semigroups with this property are simultaneously similar to semigroups of real-entried matrices. We also obtain a structure theorem for…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-28 Mitja Mastnak , Heydar Radjavi

Let $(X,E_X)$ and $(V,E_V)$ be finite connected graphs without loops. We assume that $V$ has two distinguished vertices $a,b$ and an automorphism $\gamma$ which exchanges $a$ and~$b$. The $V$-edge substitution of $X$ is the graph $X[V]$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Thomas Hirschler , Wolfgang Woess

Let $\Bbb Z_2:=\Bbb Z/2\Bbb Z$ be the additive group with two elements. In this article, we focus only on $\Bbb Z_2$-graded commutative ring i.e commutative ring $R$ such that $R=R_0\oplus R_1$ as Abelian group and $R_iR_j\subseteq R_{i+j}$…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-08-10 Mohamed Aqalmoun

We show that a spectrum of frequencies obtained by a random perturbation of the integers allows one to represent any measurable function on R by an almost everywhere converging sum of harmonics almost surely.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gady Kozma , Alexander Olevskii

The commuting graph of a non-commutative ring $R$ with center $Z(R)$ is a simple undirected graph whose vertex set is $R\setminus Z(R)$ and two vertices $x, y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy = yx$. In this paper, we compute the spectrum…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-12 Jutirekha Dutta , Rajat Kanti Nath

Let $E_i$ be an oriented circle bundle over a closed oriented aspherical $n$-manifold $M_i$ with Euler class $e_i\in H^2(M_i;\mathbb{Z})$, $i=1,2$. We prove the following: (i) If every finite-index subgroup of $\pi_1(M_2)$ has trivial…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Christoforos Neofytidis , Hongbin Sun , Ye Tian , Shicheng Wang , Zhongzi Wang

We compute spectra of symmetric random matrices defined on graphs exhibiting a modular structure. Modules are initially introduced as fully connected sub-units of a graph. By contrast, inter-module connectivity is taken to be incomplete.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-08-24 G. Ergun , R. Kuehn