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Saving energy and enhancing performance are secular preoccupations shared by both nature and human beings. In animal locomotion, flapping flyers or swimmers rely on the flexibility of their wings or body to passively increase their…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-08-30 Sophie Ramananarivo , Ramiro Godoy-Diana , Benjamin Thiria

The present work is concerned with the shape optimization of flapping wings in forward flight. The analysis is performed by combining a gradient-based optimizer with the unsteady vortex lattice method (UVLM). We describe the UVLM…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-11-13 Mehdi Ghommem , Nathan Collier , Antti H. Niemi , Victor M. Calo

In windy conditions, the air is turbulent. The strong and intermittent velocity variations of turbulence are invisible to flying animals. Nevertheless, flying animals, not much larger than the smallest scales of turbulence, manage to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-04-25 Bardia Hejazi , Christian Küchler , Gholamhossein Bagheri , Eberhard Bodenschatz

Despite significant analysis of bird flight, generative physics models for flight dynamics do not currently exist. Yet the underlying mechanisms responsible for various flight manoeuvres are important for understanding how agile flight can…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-24 Lydia France , Karl Lapo , J. Nathan Kutz

Hovering insects are limited by their physiology and need to rotate their wings at the end of each back and forth motion to keep the wing's leading edge ahead of its trailing edge. The wing rotation at the end of each half-stroke pushes the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-10-28 Swathi Krishna , Alexander Gehrke , Karen Mulleners

Compared with fixed-wing flight, flapping flight can generate a higher lift and is also more maneuverable, largely resulting from the benefits of wing rotation. By analyzing the real wing kinematics of fruit flies, we found that the wing…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-06-19 Yang Xiang , Haotian Hang , Hong Liu

We present fluid dynamics videos illustrating wetting splashing-produced by water drop impact onto hydrophobic microstructures at high impact velocity ($\sim 3$ ms$^{-1}$). The substrate consists of regular and transparent microtextures in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-18 Peichun Tsai , Maurice Hendrix , Remko Dijkstra , Detlef Lohse

Manoeuvring untethered, centimetre-scale airborne structures has been a long-standing challenge. Active flight systems, relying on high-power-density actuators alongside mechanical and electronic components, are constrained by critical…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Jianfeng Yang , Soumarup Bhattacharyya , Aditya Potnis , Hao Zeng , Ignazio Maria Viola

The autonomous formation flight of fixed-wing drones is hard when the coordination requires the actuation over their speeds since they are critically bounded and aircraft are mostly designed to fly at a nominal airspeed. This paper proposes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yang Xu , Jesús Bautista , José Hinojosa , Héctor García de Marina

Flapping wing propulsion offers unrivalled manoeuvrability and efficiency at low flight speeds and in hover. These advantages are attributed to the leading edge vortex developing on an unsteady wing, which induces additional lift. We…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-02-10 Johannes Kissing , Bastian Stumpf , Jochen Kriegseis , Jeanette Hussong , Cameron Tropea

Flying animals possess highly complex physical characteristics and are capable of performing agile maneuvers using their wings. The flapping wings generate complex wake structures that influence the aerodynamic forces, which can be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Eric Sihite , Paul Ghanem , Adarsh Salagame , Alireza Ramezani

The wing structure of several insects, including dragonflies, is not smooth, but corrugated; its vertical cross-section consists of a connected series of line segments. Some previous studies have reported that corrugated wings exhibit…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-04-28 Yusuke Fujita , Makoto Iima

We designed and built a three degrees-of-freedom (DOF) flapping wing robot, Flapperoo, to study the aerodynamic benefits of wing folding and twisting. Forces and moments of this physical model are measured in wind tunnel tests over a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-08-29 Xiaozhou Fan , Alexander Gehrke , Kenneth Breuer

Modern air vehicles perform a wide range of operations, including transportation, defense, surveillance, and rescue. These aircraft can fly in calm conditions but avoid operations in gusty environments, encountered in urban canyons, over…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-08 Kai Fukami , Kunihiko Taira

During the pull-out maneuver, Peregrine falcons were observed to adopt specific flight configurations which are thought to offer an aerodynamic advantage over aerial prey. Analysis of the flight trajectory of a falcon in a controlled…

This paper presents a dynamic model and a control system for a flapping-wing unmanned aerial vehicle. Inspired by flight characteristics captured from live Monarch butterflies, a new dynamic model is presented to account the effects of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-17 Tejaswi K. C. , Chang-kwon Kang , Taeyoung Lee

Typical drones with multi rotors are generally less maneuverable due to unidirectional thrust, which may be unfavorable to agile flight in very narrow and confined spaces. This paper suggests a new bio-inspired drone that is empowered with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jun-Gill Kang , Dohyeon Lee , Soohee Han

The paper discusses a fluid dynamics video showing the use of Dynamic Roughness to reattach upper surface flow on a stalled NACA 0012-based wing.

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2013-10-15 Vinay Jakkali , Wade W. Huebsch , Patrick H. Browning , Shanti D. Hamburg

In this paper, we present the design, simulation and experimental validation of a control architecture for a flying hand, i.e., a system made of an unmanned aerial vehicle, a robotic manipulator and a gripper, which is grasping an object…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-06-02 R. T. L. M. Tummers , M. Fumagalli , R. Carloni

The extraordinary aerial agility of hummingbirds and insects continues to inspire the design of flapping-wing drones. To replicate and analyze such flight, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations that couple flow solvers with rigid…