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We introduce a proof recommender system for the HOL4 theorem prover. Our tool is built upon a transformer-based model [2] designed specifically to provide proof assistance in HOL4. The model is trained to discern theorem proving patterns…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Nour Dekhil , Adnan Rashid , Sofiene Tahar

The demonstrated code-understanding capability of LLMs raises the question of whether they can be used for automated program verification, a task that demands high-level abstract reasoning about program properties that is challenging for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Haoze Wu , Clark Barrett , Nina Narodytska

Fractional calculus is a generalization of classical theories of integration and differentiation to arbitrary order (i.e., real or complex numbers). In the last two decades, this new mathematical modeling approach has been widely used to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-10 Umair Siddique , Osman Hasan , Sofiène Tahar

Learning-assisted automated reasoning has recently gained popularity among the users of Isabelle/HOL, HOL Light, and Mizar. In this paper, we present an add-on to the HOL4 proof assistant and an adaptation of the HOLyHammer system that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-14 Thibault Gauthier , Cezary Kaliszyk

A semantical embedding of input/output logic in classical higher-order logic is presented. This embedding enables the mechanisation and automation of reasoning tasks in input/output logic with off-the-shelf higher-order theorem provers and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Christoph Benzmüller , Xavier Parent

In theorem proving, the task of selecting useful premises from a large library to unlock the proof of a given conjecture is crucially important. This presents a challenge for all theorem provers, especially the ones based on language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Albert Q. Jiang , Wenda Li , Szymon Tworkowski , Konrad Czechowski , Tomasz Odrzygóźdź , Piotr Miłoś , Yuhuai Wu , Mateja Jamnik

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in formal theorem proving, yet evaluating semantic correctness remains challenging. Existing evaluations rely on indirect proxies such as lexical overlap with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jongyoon Kim , Hojae Han , Seung-won Hwang

Grounded claim factuality checking is important for large language model (LLM) applications such as retrieval-augmented generation, as it helps users assess the correctness of generated outputs. Existing metrics using entailment classifiers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuxuan Ye , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Edwin Simpson

Large models have demonstrated significant progress across various domains, particularly in tasks related to text generation. In the domain of Table to Text, many Large Language Model (LLM)-based methods currently resort to modifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Junyi Bian , Xiaolei Qin , Wuhe Zou , Mengzuo Huang , Congyi Luo , Ke Zhang , Weidong Zhang

As large language models (LLMs) are increasing integrated into fact-checking pipelines, formal logic is often proposed as a rigorous means by which to mitigate bias, errors and hallucinations in these models' outputs. For example, some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jason Chan , Robert Gaizauskas , Zhixue Zhao

Deep and shallow embeddings of non-classical logics in classical higher-order logic have been explored, implemented, and used in various reasoning tools in recent years. This paper presents a method for the simultaneous deployment of deep…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Christoph Benzmüller

Mechanized theorem proving is becoming the basis of reliable systems programming and rigorous mathematics. Despite decades of progress in proof automation, writing mechanized proofs still requires engineers' expertise and remains labor…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Yutaka Nagashima

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has become the de facto method to elicit reasoning capabilities from large language models (LLMs). However, to mitigate hallucinations in CoT that are notoriously difficult to detect, current methods such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Chengwu Liu , Ye Yuan , Yichun Yin , Yan Xu , Xin Xu , Zaoyu Chen , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Ming Zhang

Separation Logic with inductive definitions is a well-known approach for deductive verification of programs that manipulate dynamic data structures. Deciding verification conditions in this context is usually based on user-provided lemmas…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-21 Constantin Enea , Mihaela Sighireanu , Zhilin Wu

When prompted with a few examples and intermediate steps, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various reasoning tasks. However, prompting methods that rely on implicit knowledge in an LLM often generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Zhaocheng Zhu , Yuan Xue , Xinyun Chen , Denny Zhou , Jian Tang , Dale Schuurmans , Hanjun Dai

This paper investigates the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in formulating and solving decision-making problems using mathematical programming. We first conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent literature to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mohammad J. Abdel-Rahman , Yasmeen Alslman , Dania Refai , Amro Saleh , Malik A. Abu Loha , Mohammad Yahya Hamed

The process mining community has recently recognized the potential of large language models (LLMs) for tackling various process mining tasks. Initial studies report the capability of LLMs to support process analysis and even, to some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Adrian Rebmann , Fabian David Schmidt , Goran Glavaš , Han van der Aa

Formal mathematical reasoning remains a critical challenge for artificial intelligence, hindered by limitations of existing benchmarks in scope and scale. To address this, we present FormalMATH, a large-scale Lean4 benchmark comprising…

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly excel at mathematical reasoning, but their unreliability limits their utility in mathematics research. A mitigation is using LLMs to generate formal proofs in languages like Lean. We perform the…

To take advantage of Large Language Model in theorem formalization and proof, we propose a reinforcement learning framework to iteratively optimize the pretrained LLM by rolling out next tactics and comparing them with the expected ones.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Zhiling Luo