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In this paper, we prove a similar result to the fundamental theorem of regular surfaces in classical differential geometry, which extends the classical theorem to the entire class of singular surfaces in Euclidean 3-space known as frontals.…
Involutivity is the algebraic property that guarantees solutions to an analytic and torsion-free exterior differential system or partial differential equation via the Cartan-K\"ahler theorem. Guillemin normal form establishes that the…
This note documents the specification of normal forms in cubical type theory. The definition is already present in the proof of normalization for cubical type theory, but we present it in a more traditional style explicitly for reference.
For any positive integer M we show that there are infinitely many real quadratic fields that do not admit M-ary universal quadratic forms (without any restriction on the parity of their cross coefficients).
We consider uniformly (DC) or periodically (AC) driven generalized infinite elastic chains (a generalized Frenkel-Kontorova model) with gradient dynamics. We first show that the union of supports of all the invariant measures, denoted by A,…
We give simple proofs of the Davenport--Heilbronn theorems, which provide the main terms in the asymptotics for the number of cubic fields having bounded discriminant and for the number of 3-torsion elements in the class groups of quadratic…
In this paper, we derive the quadratic formula as a consequence of constructively proving the existence of standard and factored forms for general form real quadratic functions. Emphasis is put on connections to graphing of corresponding…
A continuous quadratic form ("quadratic form", in short) on a Banach space $X$ is: (a) delta-semidefinite (i.e., representable as a difference of two nonnegative quadratic forms) if and only if the corresponding symmetric linear operator…
We construct a Euclidean domain with no multiplicative Euclidean norm to a compatibly well-ordered monoid, and hence with no multiplicative Euclidean norm to $\mathbb{R}$ (under its usual order). A key step in the proof is showing that the…
We obtain good estimates on the ranks of universal quadratic forms over Shanks' family of the simplest cubic fields and several other families of totally real number fields. As the main tool we characterize all the indecomposable integers…
A certain real number, depending on two neighbouring sides of a quadrilateral and the diagonal meeting these two sides at their common point, is shown to be invariant under affinity. As an application we demonstrate a nice formula for the…
If the integrals of a one-form over all lines meeting a small open set vanish and the form is closed in this set, then the one-form is exact in the whole Euclidean space. We obtain a unique continuation result for the normal operator of the…
We study domination of quadratic forms in the abstract setting of ordered Hilbert spaces. Our main result gives a characterization in terms of the associated forms. This generalizes and unifies various earlier works. Along the way we…
Let M be a closed minimal hypersurface in 5-dimensional Euclidean sphere with constant nonnegative scalar curvature. We prove that, if the sum of the cubes of all principal curvatures and the number of distinct principal curvatures are…
We use Herbrand's theorem to give a new proof that Euclid's parallel axiom is not derivable from the other axioms of first-order Euclidean geometry. Previous proofs involve constructing models of non-Euclidean geometry. This proof uses a…
A (positive definite and non-classic integral) quadratic form is called strongly $s$-regular if it satisfies a strong regularity property on the number of representations of squares of integers. In this article, we prove that for any…
We give a canonical form for a complex matrix, whose square is normal, under transformations of unitary similarity as well as a canonical form for a real matrix, whose square is normal, under transformations of orthogonal similarity.
In this paper we determine the group of rational automorphisms of binary cubic and quartic forms with integer coefficients and non-zero discriminant in terms of certain quadratic covariants of cubic and quartic forms. This allows one to…
A (positive definite integral) quadratic form is called almost 2-universal if it represents all (positive definite integral) binary quadratic forms except those in only finitely many equivalence classes. Oh [7] determined all almost…
When the Euclidean algorithm produces a symmetric sequence of quotients, we give explicit formulas for the remainders that allow the analysis of two families of quadratic forms in the remainders.