Related papers: Magnetic fields along the pre-main-sequence phase
Theory of fossil magnetic field is based on the observations, analytical estimations and numerical simulations of magnetic flux evolution during star formation in the magnetized cores of molecular clouds. Basic goals, main features of the…
Magnetic fields have been detected on stars across the H-R diagram and substellar objects either directly by their effect on the formation of spectral lines, or through the activity phenomena they power which can be observed across a large…
This chapter presents a review of observational studies to determine the magnetic field in the Milky Way, both in the disk and in the halo, focused on recent developments and on magnetic fields in the diffuse interstellar medium. I discuss…
Magnetic fields are present in a wide variety of stars throughout the HR diagram and play a role at basically all evolutionary stages, from very-low-mass dwarfs to very massive stars, and from young star-forming molecular clouds and…
The positions in the H-R diagram of strongly magnetic Ap and Bp stars are compared with those of normal main sequence stars of types B7 to F2, with a view to investigating possible differences in evolutionary status between magnetic and…
Ap star magnetism is often attributed to fossil magnetic fields which have not changed much since the pre-main-sequence epoch of the stars. Stable magnetic field configurations are known which could persist probably for the entire…
In this chapter we review recent advances in understanding the roles that magnetic fields play throughout the star formation process, gained through observations and simulations of molecular clouds, the dense, star-forming phase of the…
Magnetic fields are observed on nearly all scales in the universe, from stars and galaxies upto galaxy clusters and even beyond. The origin of cosmic magnetic fields is still an open question, however a large class of models puts its origin…
This article briefly reviews our current understanding of the evolution of magnetic fields in neutron stars, which basically defines the evolutionary pathways between different observational classes of neutron stars. The emphasis here is on…
Magnetic fields appear wherever plasma and currents can be found. As such, they thread through all scales in Nature. It is natural, therefore, to suppose that magnetic fields might have been formed within the high temperature environments…
During the last decade and a half, the new generation spectropolarimeter Narval at Pic du Midi, France allowed the study of weak magnetic fields in cool giant stars that are fairly evolved after main sequence. We present a short summary on…
A primordial magnetic field could be responsible for the observed magnetic fields of the galaxies. One possibility is that such a primordial field is generated at the electroweak phase transition because of the fluctuations in the Higgs…
We present a review of observations of the stellar longitudinal (effective) magnetic field ($B_e$) and its properties. This paper also discusses contemporary views on the origin, evolution and structure of $B_e$.
One of the possible mechanisms responsible for the panoply of shapes in planetary nebulae is the presence of magnetic fields that drive the ejection of ionized material during the proto-planetary nebula phase. Therefore, detecting magnetic…
The explanation of the observed galactic magnetic fields may require the existence of a primordial magnetic field. Such a field may arise during the early cosmological phase transitions, or because of other particle physics related…
Most of the visible matter in the Universe is in a plasma state, or more specifically is composed of ionized or partially ionized gas permeated by magnetic fields. Thanks to recent advances on the theory and detection of cosmic magnetic…
Historically, the magnetic field geometries of the chemically peculiar Ap stars were modelled in the context of a simple dipole field. However, with the acquisition of increasingly sophisticated diagnostic data, it has become clear that the…
Ap/Bp stars are magnetic chemically peculiar early A and late B type stars of the main sequence. They exhibit peculiar surface abundance anomalies that are thought to be the result of gravitational settling and radiative levitation. The…
Over the last decade, large-scale, organized (generally dipolar) magnetic fields with a strength between 0.1 and 20 kG were detected in dozens of OB stars. This contribution reviews the impact of such magnetic fields on the stellar winds of…
We review the observational and theoretical constraints on extragalactic magnetic fields across cosmic environment. In the next decade, the combination of sophisticated numerical simulations and various observational probes might succeed in…