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We address the role of noisy squeezing in security and performance of continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. Squeezing has long been recognized for its numerous advantages in CV QKD, such as enhanced robustness…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Akash nag Oruganti , Ivan Derkach , Radim Filip , Vladyslav C. Usenko

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocols, based on Gaussian modulation of the quadratures of coherent states, have been implemented in recent experiments. A present limitation of such systems is the finite efficiency of the…

In recent years, discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution (DM-CV-QKD) has gained traction due to its practical advantages: cost-effectiveness, simple state preparation, and compatibility with existing communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Wen Yu Kon , Charles Lim

In a practical continuous-variable quantum-key distribution (CVQKD), the fluctuations of the local oscillator (LO) not only make the normalization of Bob's measurement outcomes difficult, but also can change the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-12 Xiang-Chun Ma , Shi-Hai Sun , Mu-Sheng Jiang , Ming Gui , Yan-Li Zhou , Lin-Mei Liang

This paper significantly advances the application of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) in Free- Space Optics (FSO) satellite-based quantum communication. We propose an innovative satellite quantum channel model and derive the secret quantum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Mouli Chakraborty , Anshu Mukherjee , Ioannis Krikidis , Avishek Nag , Subhash Chandra

This article provides the unconditional security of a semi quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocol based on 3-dimensional quantum states. By deriving a lower bound for the key rate, in the asymptotic scenario, as a function of the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-08 Hasnaa Hajji , Morad El Baz

Quantum key distribution with continuous variables already uses advantageous high-speed single-mode homodyne detection with low electronic noise at room temperature. Together with continuous-variable information encoding to nonclassical…

It is well known that the repeater node is an essential ingredient for the future global quantum network, which will enable high-rate private communication and entanglement distribution over very long distances. The near-term repeater…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Zhiyue Zuo , Stefano Pirandola

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) relies on quantum communication to allow distant parties to share a secure cryptographic key. Widespread adoption of QKD in current telecommunication networks will require the development of simple, low cost…

A modified four-state CVQKD protocol is proposed to increase the maximum transmission distance and tolerable excess noise in the presence of Gaussian lossy and noisy channel by using a noiseless linear amplifier (NLA). A NLA with amplitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-08 Bingjie Xu , Chunming Tang , Hui Chen , Wenzheng Zhang , Fuchen Zhu

A continuous key distribution scheme is proposed that relies on a pair of canonically conjugate quantum variables. It allows two remote parties to share a secret Gaussian key by encoding it into one of the two quadrature components of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 N. J. Cerf , M. Levy , G. Van Assche

We address side-channel leakage in a trusted preparation station of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with coherent and squeezed states. We consider two different scenaria: multimode Gaussian modulation, directly accessible to an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 Ivan Derkach , Vladyslav C. Usenko , Radim Filip

Free-space quantum cryptography has the potential to enable global quantum communication. However, most existing continuous-variable quantum secret sharing (CV-QSS) schemes rely on fiber channels. In this paper, we present a CV-QSS protocol…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Fangli Yang , Liang Chang , Daowen Qiu , Minghua Pan , Wanjun Xiong

We present a protocol for quantum key distribution using discrete modulation of coherent states of light. Information is encoded in the variable phase of coherent states which can be chosen from a regular discrete set ranging from binary to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Denis Sych , Gerd Leuchs

The adaptive variational quantum dynamics simulation (AVQDS) method performs real-time evolution of quantum states using automatically generated parameterized quantum circuits that often contain substantially fewer gates than Trotter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Feng Zhang , Cai-Zhuang Wang , Thomas Iadecola , Peter P. Orth , Yong-Xin Yao

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) has potential advantages of high secret key rate, which is very suitable for high-speed metropolitan network application. However, the reported highest secret key rates of the CVQKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 Heng Wang , Yang Li , Yaodi Pi , Yan Pan , Yun Shao , Li Ma , Jie Yang , Yichen Zhang , Wei Huang , Bingjie Xu

We identify and study a new security loophole in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) implementations, related to the imperfect linearity of the homodyne detector. By exploiting this loophole, we propose an active…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-20 Hao Qin , Rupesh Kumar , Romain Alléaume

In this work we investigate the effectiveness of continuous-variable (CV) entangled states, transferred through high-loss atmospheric channels, as a means of viable quantum key distribution (QKD) between terrestrial stations and low-Earth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-16 Nedasadat Hosseinidehaj , Robert Malaney

Quantum cryptography has been recently extended to continuous variable systems, e.g., the bosonic modes of the electromagnetic field. In particular, several cryptographic protocols have been proposed and experimentally implemented using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-03 Stefano Pirandola , Stefano Mancini , Seth Lloyd , Samuel L. Braunstein

Non-Gaussian operations in continous variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) have been limited to photon subtraction on squeezed vacuum states only. This is mainly due to the ease of calculating the covariance matrix representation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Jaskaran Singh , Soumyakanti Bose
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