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A recent study has found that malicious bots generated nearly a quarter of overall website traffic in 2019 [100]. These malicious bots perform activities such as price and content scraping, account creation and takeover, credit card fraud,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Meriem Guerar , Luca Verderame , Mauro Migliardi , Francesco Palmieri , Alessio Merlo

Nowadays, CAPTCHAs are computer generated tests that human can pass but current computer systems can not. They have common usage in various web services in order to be able to detect a human from computer programs autonomously. In this way,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Ahmet Faruk Cakmak , Muhammet Balcilar

Many computer-based authentication schemata are based on pass- words. Logging on a computer, reading email, accessing content on a web server are all examples of applications where the identification of the user is usually accomplished…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Michele Finelli

As a result of continuing advances in computer capabilities, it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish between humans and computers in the digital world. We propose using the fundamental human ability to distinguish between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Nasser Mohammed Al-Fannah

Honeywords are fictitious passwords inserted into databases in order to identify password breaches. The major difficulty is how to produce honeywords that are difficult to distinguish from real passwords. Although the generation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Fangyi Yu , Miguel Vargas Martin

Turing test was originally proposed to examine whether machine's behavior is indistinguishable from a human. The most popular and practical Turing test is CAPTCHA, which is to discriminate algorithm from human by offering recognition-alike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Jiaming Zhang , Jitao Sang , Kaiyuan Xu , Shangxi Wu , Yongli Hu , Yanfeng Sun , Jian Yu

CAPTCHA(Completely Automated Public Turing test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart) can be used to protect data from auto bots. Countless kinds of CAPTCHAs are thus designed, while we most frequently utilize text-based scheme because of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Ye Wang , Mi Lu

Text-based secrets are still the most commonly used authentication mechanism in information systems. IT managers must strike a balance between security and memorability while developing password policies. Initially introduced as more secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Noopa Jagadeesh , Miguel Vargas Martin

Text password has served as the most popular method for user authentication so far, and is not likely to be totally replaced in foreseeable future. Password authentication offers several desirable properties (e.g., low-cost, highly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Lam Tran , Thuc Nguyen , Changho Seo , Hyunil Kim , Deokjai Choi

Completely Automated Public Turing Test To Tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA) has been implemented on many websites to identify between harmful automated bots and legitimate users. However, the revenue generated by the bots has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Rui Jin , Lin Huang , Jikang Duan , Wei Zhao , Yong Liao , Pengyuan Zhou

Passwords are the most common mechanism for authenticating users online. However, studies have shown that users find it difficult to create and manage secure passwords. To that end, passphrases are often recommended as a usable alternative…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Avirup Mukherjee , Kousshik Murali , Shivam Kumar Jha , Niloy Ganguly , Rahul Chatterjee , Mainack Mondal

As automation bot technology and Artificial Intelligence is evolving rapidly, conventional human verification techniques like voice CAPTCHAs and knowledge-based authentication are becoming less effective. Bots and scrapers with Artificial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Aditya Mitra , Sibi Chakkaravarthy Sethuraman , Devi Priya V S

It is increasingly becoming difficult for human beings to work on their day to day life without going through the process of reverse Turing test, where the Computers tests the users to be humans or not. Almost every website and service…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Jimut Bahan Pal

The security of passwords depends on a thorough understanding of the strategies used by attackers. Unfortunately, real-world adversaries use pragmatic guessing tactics like dictionary attacks, which are difficult to simulate in password…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Fangyi Yu , Miguel Vargas Martin

Nowadays, user authentication is one of the important topics in information security. Text based strong password schemes could provide with certain degree of security. However, the fact that strong passwords being difficult to memorize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-01-13 Arash Habibi Lashkari , Dr. Rosli Saleh , Samaneh Farmand , Dr. Omar Bin Zakaria

CAPTCHAs have long been essential tools for protecting applications from automated bots. Initially designed as simple questions to distinguish humans from bots, they have become increasingly complex to keep pace with the proliferation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ziqi Ding , Gelei Deng , Yi Liu , Junchen Ding , Jieshan Chen , Yulei Sui , Yuekang Li

It has been found that an algorithm can generate true random numbers on classical computer. The algorithm can be used to generate unbreakable message PIN (personal identification number) and password.

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-08-23 Arindam Mitra

Passwords provide security mechanism for authentication and protection services against unwanted access to resources. A graphical based password is one promising alternatives of textual passwords. According to human psychology, humans are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-10-19 Wazir Zada Khan , Mohammed Y. Aalsalem , Yang Xiang

CAPTCHAs/HIPs are security mechanisms that try to prevent automatic abuse of services. They are susceptible to learning attacks in which attackers can use them as oracles. Kwon and Cha presented recently a novel algorithm that intends to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-14 Carlos Javier Hernández-Castro , María D. R-Moreno , David F. Barrero , Shujun Li

CAPTCHAs are commonly used to distinguish between human and bot users on the web. However, despite having various types of CAPTCHAs, there are still concerns about their security and usability. To address these concerns, we surveyed over…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Arun Reddy , Yuan Cheng