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We present Fast Random projection-based One-Class Classification (FROCC), an extremely efficient method for one-class classification. Our method is based on a simple idea of transforming the training data by projecting it onto a set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Arindam Bhattacharya , Sumanth Varambally , Amitabha Bagchi , Srikanta Bedathur

In diagnostic studies, researchers frequently encounter imperfect reference standards with some misclassified labels. Treating these as gold standards can bias receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. To address this issue,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-13 Yifan Sun , Peijun Sang , Qinglong Tian , Pengfei Li

In contemporary data analysis, it is increasingly common to work with non-stationary complex data sets. These data sets typically extend beyond the classical low-dimensional Euclidean space, making it challenging to detect shifts in their…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-29 Rohit Kanrar , Feiyu Jiang , Zhanrui Cai

Most deep learning object detectors are based on the anchor mechanism and resort to the Intersection over Union (IoU) between predefined anchor boxes and ground truth boxes to evaluate the matching quality between anchors and objects. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Heng Zhang , Elisa Fromont , Sébastien Lefevre , Bruno Avignon

Throughout science and technology, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and associated area under the curve (AUC) measures constitute powerful tools for assessing the predictive abilities of features, markers and tests in binary…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-25 Tilmann Gneiting , Eva-Maria Walz

Maximizing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) is a standard approach to imbalanced classification. So far, various supervised AUC optimization methods have been developed and they are also extended to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-12 Tomoya Sakai , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Pedestrian detection is among the most safety-critical features of driver assistance systems for autonomous vehicles. One of the most complex detection challenges is that of partial occlusion, where a target object is only partially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Shane Gilroy , Martin Glavin , Edward Jones , Darragh Mullins

As a variant of the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC), the partial AUC (PAUC) focuses on a specific range of false positive rate (FPR) and/or true positive rate (TPR) in the ROC curve. It is a pivotal evaluation metric in real-world scenarios…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yangbangyan Jiang , Qianqian Xu , Huiyang Shao , Zhiyong Yang , Shilong Bao , Xiaochun Cao , Qingming Huang

Instance segmentation of images is an important tool for automated scene understanding. Neural networks are usually trained to optimize their overall performance in terms of accuracy. Meanwhile, in applications such as automated driving, an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Kira Maag

In high-stakes risk prediction, quantifying uncertainty through interval-valued predictions is essential for reliable decision-making. However, standard evaluation tools like the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yuqi Li , Matthew M. Engelhard

The positive-unlabeled (PU) classification is a common scenario in real-world applications such as healthcare, text classification, and bioinformatics, in which we only observe a few samples labeled as "positive" together with a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Ke Ren , Haichuan Yang , Yu Zhao , Mingshan Xue , Hongyu Miao , Shuai Huang , Ji Liu

We propose new simultaneous inference methods for diagnostic trials with elaborate factorial designs. Instead of the commonly used total area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, our parameters of interest are partial…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-22 Maximilian Wechsung , Frank Konietschke

ROC curves and cost curves are two popular ways of visualising classifier performance, finding appropriate thresholds according to the operating condition, and deriving useful aggregated measures such as the area under the ROC curve (AUC)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-08-01 José Hernández-Orallo , Peter Flach , Cèsar Ferri

Weakly supervised learning aims to empower machine learning when the perfect supervision is unavailable, which has drawn great attention from researchers. Among various types of weak supervision, one of the most challenging cases is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Zheng Xie , Yu Liu , Ming Li

Environment perception is the task for intelligent vehicles on which all subsequent steps rely. A key part of perception is to safely detect other road users such as vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists. With modern deep learning techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Florian Kraus , Klaus Dietmayer

Pedestrian detection in the wild remains a challenging problem especially for scenes containing serious occlusion. In this paper, we propose a novel feature learning method in the deep learning framework, referred to as Feature Calibration…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Tianliang Zhang , Qixiang Ye , Baochang Zhang , Jianzhuang Liu , Xiaopeng Zhang , Qi Tian

Detecting pedestrians, especially under heavy occlusions, is a challenging computer vision problem with numerous real-world applications. This paper introduces a novel approach, termed as PSC-Net, for occluded pedestrian detection. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Jin Xie , Yanwei Pang , Hisham Cholakkal , Rao Muhammad Anwer , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Ling Shao

Deep neural networks provide effective solutions to small-footprint keyword spotting (KWS). However, if training data is limited, it remains challenging to achieve robust and highly accurate KWS in real-world scenarios where unseen sounds…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-14 Menglong Xu , Shengqiang Li , Chengdong Liang , Xiao-Lei Zhang

Most of existing detection pipelines treat object proposals independently and predict bounding box locations and classification scores over them separately. However, the important semantic and spatial layout correlations among proposals are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-19 Jianan Li , Xiaodan Liang , Jianshu Li , Tingfa Xu , Jiashi Feng , Shuicheng Yan

The ROC curve is widely used to assess binary classifiers. Yet for some applications, such as alert systems for monitoring hospitalized patients, conventional ROC analysis cannot meet two key deployment needs: enforcing a constraint on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Christopher Ratigan , Kyle Heuton , Carissa Wang , Lenore Cowen , Michael C. Hughes