Related papers: Proton structure and tensor gluons
It is shown that even if a quark q is on the mass shell, the quark q' created via vacuum pair production in the process q -> h + q' has wide distribution for its spacelike virtuality, and so at the end of daughter string (q'\bar{q}) there…
Tensor-polarized parton distribution functions are new quantities in spin-one hadrons such as the deuteron, and they could probe new quark-gluon dynamics in hadron and nuclear physics. In charged-lepton deep inelastic scattering (DIS), they…
We explain a gluon transversity, transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs), and parton distribution functions (PDFs) for spin-1 hadrons. The gluon transversity exists in hadrons with spin more than or equal to one,…
Employing the representation of the experimental data on deep inelastic electron-proton scattering (DIS) in the color-dipole picture (CDP), we determine the gluon distribution of the proton at small Bjorken $x$. At sufficiently large…
Parton distribution functions give the probability to find partons (quarks and gluons) in a hadron as a function of the fraction x of the proton's momentum carried by the parton. They are conventionally defined in terms of matrix elements…
Understanding the internal spin structure of the nucleon remains a challenge in strong interaction physics. The unique capability of RHIC opened new avenues in studying the internal structure of the proton with unprecedented depth and…
The deuteron is the lightest spin-1 nucleus, consisting of a weakly bound system of two spin-1/2 nucleons. One intriguing characteristic of the deuteron is the tensor polarized structure, which cannot be naively constructed combining the…
The gravitational form factors which are obtained from the matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor provide us information about internal distributions of mass, energy, pressure and shear. The Druck term is the least understood among…
Based on both the constituent quark picture and the instanton model for QCD vacuum, we calculate the unpolarized and polarized gluon distributions in the constituent quark and in the nucleon. Our approach consists of the two main steps. At…
The proton's internal structure is characterized not only by its charge and magnetic distribution but also by its mechanical and mass properties, which are encoded in the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). These…
I review what is known about the quark and gluon spin distributions in the nucleon. I discuss in some detail (a) the existence of sum rules for angular momentum; (b) the interpretation and possible measurement of the nucleon's transversity…
The electromagnetic and gravitational form factors of the nucleon determined by quark and gluon contributions are calculated using the momentum transfer dependence of generalized parton distributions with different forms of parton…
We study how gluons carrying linear polarization inside an unpolarized hadron contribute to the transverse momentum distribution of Higgs bosons produced in hadronic collisions. They modify the distribution produced by unpolarized gluons in…
In this article we present a review of the structure of the proton and the current status of our knowledge of the parton distribution functions (PDFs). The lepton-nucleon scattering experiments which provide the main constraints in PDF…
We present the experimental status of electromagnetic hadron form factors. New and surprising results, based on polarization measurements, have been recently obtained for the electric proton and neutron form factors. In particular, the…
Light-front quantized quark and gluon states (partons) play a dominant role in high energy scattering processes. Initial state hadrons are mixed ensembles of partons, while produced pure partonic states appear as mixed ensembles of hadrons.…
This article gives an overview over recent results on quark and gluon helicity distributions obtained in deep inelastic lepton nucleon scattering and proton proton interactions. Future experimental programs to study the nucleon structure…
More than three decades has passed since the European Muon Collaboration published the first surprising result on the spin structure of the proton. Much theoretical and experimental progress has been made in understanding the origins of the…
We study transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) gluon distributions and factorization theorems for the gluon-initiated semi-inclusive processes at hadron colliders. Gauge-invariant TMD gluon distributions are defined, and their relations to…
The spin structure function $g_1^p$ of the proton is studied in a two component framework, where the perturbative evolution of parton distributions and nonperturbative vector meson dominance model are used. We predict the $g_1^p$ asymmetric…