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Vector-based word representations help countless Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks capture the language's semantic and syntactic regularities. In this paper, we present the characteristics of existing word embedding approaches and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Obaidullah Zaland , Muhammad Abulaish , Mohd. Fazil

Tracking entities throughout a procedure described in a text is challenging due to the dynamic nature of the world described in the process. Firstly, we propose to formulate this task as a question answering problem. This enables us to use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Hossein Rajaby Faghihi , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Informal transliteration from other languages to English is prevalent in social media threads, instant messaging, and discussion forums. Without identifying the language of such transliterated text, users who do not speak that language…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-29 Sourav Sen

Text classification is fundamental in Natural Language Processing (NLP), and the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized the field. This paper introduces an adaptable and reliable text classification paradigm, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Zhiqiang Wang , Yiran Pang , Yanbin Lin , Xingquan Zhu

Stance detection aims to identify whether the author of a text is in favor of, against, or neutral to a given target. The main challenge of this task comes two-fold: few-shot learning resulting from the varying targets and the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Yan Jiang , Jinhua Gao , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Prompting methods recently achieve impressive success in few-shot learning. These methods modify input samples with prompt sentence pieces, and decode label tokens to map samples to corresponding labels. However, such a paradigm is very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Yutai Hou , Cheng Chen , Xianzhen Luo , Bohan Li , Wanxiang Che

Low dimensional representations of words allow accurate NLP models to be trained on limited annotated data. While most representations ignore words' local context, a natural way to induce context-dependent representations is to perform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-02 David Belanger , Sham Kakade

Today's probabilistic language generators fall short when it comes to producing coherent and fluent text despite the fact that the underlying models perform well under standard metrics, e.g., perplexity. This discrepancy has puzzled the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Clara Meister , Tiago Pimentel , Gian Wiher , Ryan Cotterell

Tongue imaging serves as a valuable diagnostic tool, particularly in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The quality of tongue surface segmentation significantly affects the accuracy of tongue image classification and subsequent diagnosis…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-22 Jiacheng Xie , Ziyang Zhang , Biplab Poudel , Congyu Guo , Yang Yu , Guanghui An , Xiaoting Tang , Lening Zhao , Chunhui Xu , Dong Xu

Deploying large language models (LLMs) is challenging because they are memory inefficient and compute-intensive for practical applications. In reaction, researchers train smaller task-specific models by either finetuning with human labels…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Chun-Liang Li , Chih-Kuan Yeh , Hootan Nakhost , Yasuhisa Fujii , Alexander Ratner , Ranjay Krishna , Chen-Yu Lee , Tomas Pfister

The active research topic of prompt engineering makes it evident that LLMs are sensitive to small changes in prompt wording. A portion of this can be ascribed to the inductive bias that is present in the LLM. By using an LLM's output as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Christian M. Angel , Francis Ferraro

Natural Language processing (NLP) represents the task of automatic handling of natural human language by machines.There is large spectrum of possible applications of NLP which help in automating tasks like translating text from one language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Nikita P. Desai , Prof. , Vipul K. Dabhi

In prompt tuning, a prefix or suffix text is added to the prompt, and the embeddings (soft prompts) or token indices (hard prompts) of the prefix/suffix are optimized to gain more control over language models for specific tasks. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Shouchang Guo , Sonam Damani , Keng-hao Chang

Deploying large language models (LLMs) encounters challenges due to intensive computational and memory requirements. Our research examines vocabulary trimming (VT) inspired by restricting embedding entries to the language of interest to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Nikolay Bogoychev , Pinzhen Chen , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

We describe our participation in the Word Segmentation and Morphological Parsing (WSMP) for Sanskrit hackathon. We approach the word segmentation task as a sequence labelling task by predicting edit operations from which segmentations are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Jingwen Li , Leander Girrbach

Neural networks have long been at the center of a debate around the cognitive mechanism by which humans process inflectional morphology. This debate has gravitated into NLP by way of the question: Are neural networks a feasible account for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Adam Wiemerslage , Shiran Dudy , Katharina Kann

In a hybrid automatic speech recognition (ASR) system, a pronunciation lexicon (PL) and a language model (LM) are essential to correctly retrieve spoken word sequences. Being a morphologically complex language, the vocabulary of Malayalam…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Kavya Manohar , A. R. Jayan , Rajeev Rajan

We analyze the performance of large language models (LLMs) on Text Style Transfer (TST), specifically focusing on sentiment transfer and text detoxification across three languages: English, Hindi, and Bengali. Text Style Transfer involves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Sourabrata Mukherjee , Atul Kr. Ojha , Ondřej Dušek

Plagiarism involves using another person's work or concepts without proper attribution, presenting them as original creations. With the growing amount of data communicated in regional languages such as Marathi -- one of India's regional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Atharva Mutsaddi , Aditya Choudhary

The use of subword embedding has proved to be a major innovation in Neural Machine Translation (NMT). It helps NMT to learn better context vectors for Low Resource Languages (LRLs) so as to predict the target words by better modelling the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Amit Kumar , Shantipriya Parida , Ajay Pratap , Anil Kumar Singh