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The increase in the connectivity between hosts in recent times has facilitated the emergence of more aggressive mutant viral strains, making their containment and eradication significantly more challenging compared to the original variants.…

Exploring the internal mechanism of information spreading is critical for understanding and controlling the process. Traditional spreading models often assume individuals play the same role in the spreading process. In reality, however,…

This study is concerned with the dynamical behaviors of epidemic spreading over a two-layered interconnected network. Three models in different levels are proposed to describe cooperative spreading processes over the interconnected network,…

The Internet, as well as many other networks, has a very complex connectivity recently modeled by the class of scale-free networks. This feature, which appears to be very efficient for a communications network, favors at the same time the…

We develop a theory for the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) epidemic model on networks that incorporate both network structure and dynamic correlations. This theory can account for the multistage onset of the epidemic phase in…

In this paper, a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model with identical infectivity, where each node is assigned with the same capability of active contacts, $A$, at each time step, is presented. We found that on scale-free networks,…

Deployment of anti-virus software is a common strategy for preventing and controlling the propagation of computer viruses and worms over a computer network. As the deployment of such programs is often limited due to monetary or operational…

Epidemic spread in single-host systems strongly depends on the population's contact network. However, little is known regarding the spread of epidemics across networks representing populations of multiple hosts. We explored cross-species…

Most infectious diseases spread on a dynamic network of human interactions. Recent studies of social dynamics have provided evidence that spreading patterns may depend strongly on detailed micro-dynamics of the social system. We have…

Researchers that work for the same institution use their email as the main communication tool. Email can be one of the most fruitful attack vectors of research institutions as they also contain access to all accounts and thus to all private…

Viruses constantly undergo mutations with genomic changes. The propagation of variants of viruses is an interesting problem. We perform numerical simulations of the microscopic epidemic model based on network theory for the spread of…

Cyberattacks on enterprise networks exploit complex dependencies among infrastructure, services, and applications, which challenge traditional analysis methods that focus on attack paths or network topology in isolation. In this study, we…

Models of disease spreading are critical for predicting infection growth in a population and evaluating public health policies. However, standard models typically represent the dynamics of disease transmission between individuals using…

Social reinforcement mechanism, which characterizes the promoting effects when exposing to multiple sources in social contagion process, is ubiquitous in information-technology ecosystem and has aroused great attention in recent years.…

We investigate the dynamics of an epidemiological susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model on an adaptive network. This model combines epidemic spreading (dynamics on the network) with rewiring of network connections (topological…

This paper studies a discrete-time time-varying multi-layer networked SIWS (susceptible-infected-water-susceptible) model with multiple resources under both single-virus and competing multi-virus settings. Besides the human-to-human…

We use a deterministic model to study two competing viruses spreading over a two-layer network in the Susceptible--Infected--Susceptible (SIS) framework, and address a central problem of identifying the winning virus in a…

The epidemic spreading has been widely studied when each node may get infected by an infected neighbor with the same rate. However, the infection rate between a pair of nodes is usually heterogeneous and even correlated with their nodal…

Spread of computer viruses can be modeled as the SIS (susceptible-infected-susceptible) epidemic propagation. We show that in order to ensure the random immunization or the targeted immunization effectively prevent computer viruses…

Computer infections such as viruses and worms spread over networks of contacts between computers, with different types of networks being exploited by different types of infections. Here we analyze the structures of several of these…