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Measurements transfer information about a system to the apparatus, and then further on -- to observers and (often inadvertently) to the environment. I show that even imperfect copying essential in such situations restricts possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Wojciech Hubert Zurek

As physics searches for invariants in observations, this paper looks for invariants of probabilistic observation without assuming physical structure. Structure emerges from the basic assumption of science that new information shall lead to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Johann Summhammer

A new and intuitive perturbative approach to time-dependent quantum mechanics problems is presented, which is useful in situations where the evolution of the Hamiltonian is slow. The state of a system which starts in an instantaneous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. MacKenzie , E. Marcotte , H. Paquette

Biological systems reach organizational complexity that far exceeds the complexity of any known inanimate objects. Biological entities undoubtedly obey the laws of quantum physics and statistical mechanics. However, is modern physics…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-26 Mikhail I. Katsnelson , Yuri I. Wolf , Eugene V. Koonin

We present a simple physical model that recapitulates several features of biological evolution, while being based only on thermally-driven attachment and detachment of elementary building blocks. Through its dynamics, this model samples a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-11 Guy Bunin , Olivier Rivoire

Non-commutative propositions are characteristic of both quantum and non-quantum (sociological, biological, psychological) situations. In a Hilbert space model states, understood as correlations between all the possible propositions, are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 D. Aerts , M. Czachor , L. Gabora , M. Kuna , A. Posiewnik , J. Pykacz , M. Syty

We review two approaches to the definition of the Hilbert space and evolution in mechanical theories with local time-reparametrization invariance, which are often used as toy models of quantum gravity. The first approach is based on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-20 Leonardo Chataignier

Quantum process tomography provides a means of measuring the evolution operator for a system at a fixed measurement time $t$. The problem of using that tomographic snapshot to predict the evolution operator at other times is generally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-05 Jason M. Dominy , Lorenzo Campos Venuti , Alireza Shabani , Daniel A. Lidar

The concept of a superposition is a revolutionary novelty introduced by Quantum Mechanics. If a system may be in any one of two pure states x and y, we must consider that it may also be in any one of many superpositions of x and y. An…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-07 Daniel Lehmann

Life can be viewed as a localized chemical system that sits on, or in the basin of attraction of, a metastable dynamical attractor state that remains out of equilibrium with the environment. Such a view of life allows that new living states…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-01-08 David A. Baum

We present the mathematical model of decision making (DM) of agents acting in a complex and uncertain environment (combining huge variety of economical, financial, behavioral, and geo-political factors). To describe interaction of agents…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-10-25 F. Bagarello , A. Khrennikov , E. Haven

We present a general formalism with the aim of describing the situation of an entity, how it is, how it reacts to experiments, how we can make statistics with it, and how it changes under the influence of the rest of the universe. Therefore…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Diederik Aerts

It is shown that a coherent understanding of all quantized phenomena, including those governed by unitary evolution equations as well as those related to irreversible quantum measurements, can be achieved in a scenario of successive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-12-31 Xiaolei Zhang

The Lax-Phillips scattering theory is an appealing abstract framework for the analysis of scattering resonances. Quantum mechanical adaptations of the theory have been proposed. However, since these quantum adaptations essentially retain…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-07-25 Yossi Strauss

An understanding of quantum theory in terms of new, underlying descriptions capable of explaining the existence of non-classical correlations, non-commutativity of measurements and other unique and counter-intuitive phenomena remains still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Yasmin Navarrete , Sergio Davis

Four problematic circumstances are considered, involving models which describe dynamical wavefunction collapse toward energy eigenstates, for which it is shown that wavefunction collapse of macroscopic objects does not work properly. In one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Philip Pearle

The fact that certain "extraordinary" probabilistic phenomena--in particular, macroscopic violations of the second law of thermodynamics--have never been observed to occur can be accounted for by taking hard preclusion as a basic physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-09 Mark A. Rubin

We derive the Hilbert space formalism of quantum mechanics from epistemic principles. A key assumption is that a physical theory that relies on entities or distinctions that are unknowable in principle gives rise to wrong predictions. An…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-27 Per Östborn

The predictions of quantum theory resist generalised noncontextual explanations. In addition to the foundational relevance of this fact, the particular extent to which quantum theory violates noncontextuality limits available quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 Anubhav Chaturvedi , Máté Farkas , Victoria J Wright

It is obvious that we still have not any unified framework covering a zoo of interpretations of Quantum Mechanics, as well as satisfactory understanding of main ingredients of a phenomena like entanglement. The starting point is an idea to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Antonina N. Fedorova , Michael G. Zeitlin