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A large number of complex networks, both natural and artificial, share the presence of highly heterogeneous, scale-free degree distributions. A few mechanisms for the emergence of such patterns have been suggested, optimization not being…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Valverde , R. Ferrer i Cancho , R. V. Sole

Using a simple model with link removals as well as link additions, we show that an evolving network is scale free with a degree exponent in the range of (2, 4]. We then establish a relation between the network evolution and a set of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dinghua Shi , Liming Liu , Xiang Zhu , Huijie Zhou , Binbin Wang

We consider the self organizing process of merging and regeneration of vertices in complex networks and demonstrate that a scale-free degree distribution emerges in a steady state of such a dynamics. The merging of neighbor vertices in a…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Beom Jun Kim , Ala Trusina , Petter Minnhagen , Kim Sneppen

We study a recent model of random networks based on the presence of an intrinsic character of the vertices called fitness. The vertices fitnesses are drawn from a given probability distribution density. The edges between pair of vertices…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-12-22 Vito D. P. Servedio , Guido Caldarelli , Paolo Butta`

Many real-world scale-free networks, such as neural networks and online communication networks, consist of a fixed number of nodes but exhibit dynamic edge fluctuations. However, traditional models frequently overlook scenarios where the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yichao Yao , Minyu Feng , Matjaž Perc , Jürgen Kurths

Recently there have been a tremendous interest in models of networks with a power-law distribution of degree -- so called "scale-free networks." It has been observed that such networks, normally, have extremely short path-lengths, scaling…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Petter Holme

Many complex systems--from social and communication networks to biological networks and the Internet--are thought to exhibit scale-free structure. However, prevailing explanations rely on the constant addition of new nodes, an assumption…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-11-10 Christopher W. Lynn , Caroline M. Holmes , Stephanie E. Palmer

We analyze the degree distribution's cut-off in finite size scale-free networks. We show that the cut-off behavior with the number of vertices $N$ is ruled by the topological constraints induced by the connectivity structure of the network.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Marian Boguna , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

We analyze about two hundred naturally occurring networks with distinct dynamical origins to formally test whether the commonly assumed hypothesis of an underlying scale-free structure is generally viable. This has recently been questioned…

Network growth is currently explained through mechanisms that rely on node prestige measures, such as degree or fitness. In many real networks those who create and connect nodes do not know the prestige values of existing nodes, but only…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Santo Fortunato , Alessandro Flammini , Filippo Menczer

We consider a class of simple, non-trivial models of evolving weighted scale-free networks. The network evolution in these models is determined by attachment of new vertices to ends of preferentially chosen weighted edges. Resulting…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. N. Dorogovtsev , J. F. F. Mendes

The concept of scale-free networks has been widely applied across natural and physical sciences. Many claims are made about the properties of these networks, even though the concept of scale-free is often vaguely defined. We present tools…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2013-10-18 Kevin Judd , Michael Small , Thomas Stemler

We show how scale-free degree distributions can emerge naturally from growing networks by using random walks for selecting vertices for attachment. This result holds for several variants of the walk algorithm and for a wide range of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. S. Evans , J. P. Saramaki

We propose a geometric growth model for weighted scale-free networks, which is controlled by two tunable parameters. We derive exactly the main characteristics of the networks, which are partially determined by the parameters. Analytical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-11-09 Zhongzhi Zhang , Shuigeng Zhou , Lichao Chen , Jihong Guan , Lujun Fang , Yichao Zhang

The rate equations are used to study the scale-free behavior of the weight distribution in evolving networks whose topology is determined only by degrees of preexisting vertices. An analysis of these equations shows that the degree…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 W. Jezewski

Network embedding aims to learn the low-dimensional representations of vertexes in a network, while structure and inherent properties of the network is preserved. Existing network embedding works primarily focus on preserving the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-11-30 Rui Feng , Yang Yang , Wenjie Hu , Fei Wu , Yueting Zhuang

In this letter, we proposed an ungrowing scale-free network model, wherein the total number of nodes is fixed and the evolution of network structure is driven by a rewiring process only. In spite of the idiographic form of $G$, by using a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 Yan-Bo Xie , Tao Zhou , Bing-Hong Wang

We propose and study a model of traffic in communication networks. The underlying network has a structure that is tunable between a scale-free growing network with preferential attachments and a random growing network. To model realistic…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2008-06-12 Zonghua Liua , Weichuan Ma , Huan Zhang , Yin Sun , P. M. Hui

In this paper, we present a simple model of scale-free networks that incorporates both preferential & random attachment and anti-preferential & random deletion at each time step. We derive the degree distribution analytically and show that…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 Dinghua Shi , Xiang Zhu , Liming Liu

Heterogeneity in the degree distribution is known to suppress global synchronization in complex networks of symmetrically coupled oscillators. Scale-free networks display a great deal of heterogeneity, containing a few nodes, termed hubs,…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-11 Tiago Pereira
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