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This paper will provide several classes of strictly stationary, countable-state, irreducible, aperiodic Markov chains that are reversible and have finite second moments, such that the central limit theorem fails to hold. The main purpose is…
$\Omega$-rule was introduced by W. Buchholz to give an ordinal-free cut-elimination proof for a subsystem of analysis with $\Pi^{1}_{1}$-comprehension. His proof provides cut-free derivations by familiar rules only for arithmetical…
The cutoff phenomenon describes a case where a Markov chain exhibits a sharp transition in its convergence to stationarity. In 1996, Diaconis surveyed this phenomenon, and asked how one could recognize its occurrence in families of finite…
We discuss the non-uniqueness of continuous solutions to differential equations with a {\it discrete } state-dependent delay and continuous initial functions. We are interested not only in the fact (conditions) of non-uniqueness, but in…
We present a short proof of the Jordan-H\"older theorem with uniqueness for semimodular semilattice: Given two maximal chains in a semimodular semilattice of finite height, they both have the same length. Moreover there is a unique…
In this document we achieve exact and asymptotic enumeration of words, compositions over a finite group, and/or integer compositions characterized by local restrictions and, separately, subsequence pattern avoidance. We also count…
The paper firstly argues from conservation principles that, when dealing with physics aside from elementary particle interactions, the number of naturally independent quantities, and hence the minimum number of base quantities within a unit…
We survey the known results about simple permutations. In particular, we present a number of recent enumerative and structural results pertaining to simple permutations, and show how simple permutations play an important role in the study…
The main result is the following: Let X be a finite set and D be a non empty family of choice functions for (X choose 2) closed under permutation of X. Then the following conditions are equivalent: (A) for any choice function c on (X choose…
Networks are widely used to model the interaction between individual dynamical systems. In many instances, the total number of units as well as the interaction coupling are not fixed in time, but rather constantly evolve. In terms of…
The union-closed sets conjecture (Frankl's conjecture) says that for any finite union-closed family of finite sets, other than the family consisting only of the empty set, there exists an element that belongs to at least half of the sets in…
We consider the reversible exclusion process with reservoirs on arbitrary networks. We characterize the spectral gap, mixing time, and mixing window of the process, in terms of certain simple statistics of the underlying network. Among…
In this article, we prove that if the Fourier transform of a certain integrable function on the Euclidean motion group is of finite rank, then the function has to vanish identically. Further, we explore a new variance of the uncertainty…
In this paper we present some very recent results regarding existence, uniqueness, and multiplicity of solutions for quasilinear elliptic equations and systems, exhibiting both singular and convective reaction terms. The importance of…
In this note we introduce certain invariants of real Lefschetz fibrations. We call these invariants {\em real Lefschetz chains}. We prove that if the fiber genus is greater than 1, then the real Lefschetz chains are complete invariants of…
For a class of irreducible Markov chains with an infinitely countable set of states, we establish a new verifiable necessary and sufficient condition for recurrence and transience. We show that if one of the basic assumptions is not…
For oriented manifolds of dimension at least 4 that are simply connected at infinity, it is known that end summing is a uniquely defined operation. Calcut and Haggerty showed that more complicated fundamental group behavior at infinity can…
The cutoff phenomenon describes the case when an abrupt transition occurs in the convergence of a Markov chain to its equilibrium measure. There are various metrics which can be used to measure the distance to equilibrium, each of which…
We define an equivalence relation on integer compositions and show that two ribbon Schur functions are identical if and only if their defining compositions are equivalent in this sense. This equivalence is completely determined by means of…
The Schr\"odinger equation is considered on the half line with a selfadjoint boundary condition when the potential is real valued, integrable, and has a finite first moment. It is proved that the potential and the two boundary conditions…