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The high-redshift star formation rate (SFR) is difficult to measure directly even by modern approaches. Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be detected to the edge of the visible universe because of their high luminorsities. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 F. Y. Wang , Z. G. Dai

Two classes of gamma-ray bursts have been identified in the BATSE catalogs characterized by durations shorter and longer than about 2 seconds. There are, however, some indications for the existence of a third type of burst. Swift satellite…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-07-20 I. Horvath , L. G. Balazs , Z. Bagoly , J. Kelemen , P. Veres , G. Tusnady

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are a powerful probe of the high redshift Universe. We present a tool to estimate the detection rate of high-z GRBs by a generic detector with defined energy band and sensitivity. We base this on a population model…

We review the T_90 duration and hardness ratio of Swift Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). We focus on GRBs with known redshift and review their gamma properties in the GRBs rest frames. We find that GRBs number vs. T_90/(1+z) distribution shows a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-06-30 Andreja Gomboc , Drejc Kopac

We investigated how Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) prompt emission measurements are affected by increasing distance to the source. We selected a sample of 26 bright GRBs with measured redshifts $z<1$ observed by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-04 Michael J. Moss , Amy Y. Lien , S. Bradley Cenko , Sylvain Guiriec , Craig B. Markwardt

The unrivalled, extreme luminosities of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) make them the favored beacons for sampling the high redshift Universe. To employ GRBs to study the cosmic terrain -- e.g., star and galaxy formation history -- GRB luminosities…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. P. Norris

We summarize our model for long-duration gamma ray bursts (GRBs) that fits the redshift (z) distributions measured with Swift and missions before Swift, and the pre-Swift GRB jet opening-angle distribution inferred from achromatic breaks in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Truong Le , Charles D. Dermer

In the redshift range z = 0-1, the gamma ray burst (GRB) redshift distribution should increase rapidly because of increasing differential volume sizes and strong evolution in the star formation rate. This feature is not observed in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-05-24 D. M. Coward , D. Guetta , R. R. Burman , A. Imerito

We present a carefully selected sub-sample of Swift Long Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs), that is complete in redshift. The sample is constructed by considering only bursts with favorable observing conditions for ground-based follow-up searches,…

The gamma-ray burst (GRB) rate is essential for revealing the connection between GRBs, supernovae and stellar evolution. Additionally, the GRB rate at high redshift provides a strong probe of star formation history in the early universe.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-25 Amy Lien , Takanori Sakamoto , Neil Gehrels , David M. Palmer , Scott D. Barthelmy , Carlo Graziani , John K. Cannizzo

Several gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) last much longer (~hours) in gamma-rays than typical long GRBs (~ minutes), and recently it was proposed that these "ultra-long GRBs" may form a distinct population, probably with a different (e.g. blue…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-06-06 Bin-Bin Zhang , Bing Zhang , Kohta Murase , Valerie Connaughton , Michael S. Briggs

Several hundred gamma-ray burst (GRB) redshifts have been determined to date. One of the other important properties-besides the distance-of the GRBs is the duration of the burst. In this paper, we analyse these two important quantities of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-30 I. Horvath , I. I. Racz , Z. Bagoly , L. G. Balazs , S. Pinter

In the Second part of The Konus-Wind Catalog of Gamma-Ray Bursts with Known Redshifts (first part: Tsvetkova et al. 2017; T17), we present the results of a systematic study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with reliable redshift estimates…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-19 A. Tsvetkova , D. Frederiks , D. Svinkin , R. Aptekar , T. L. Cline , S. Golenetskii , K. Hurley , A. Lysenko , A. Ridnaia , M. Ulanov

Since the launch of Swift satellite, the detections of high-z (z>4) long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) have been rapidly growing, even approaching the very early Universe (the record holder currently is z=8.3). The observed high-z LGRB rate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-14 Shu-Fu Qin , En-Wei Liang , Rui-Jing Lu , Jian-Yan Wei , Shuang-Nan Zhang

The duration distribution of 947 GRBs observed by $Swift$/BAT, as well as its subsample of 347 events with measured redshift, allowing to examine the durations in both the observer and rest frames, are examined. Using a maximum…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-01-29 Mariusz Tarnopolski

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most violent explosions in the Universe and can be used to explore the properties of high-redshift universe. It is believed that the long GRBs are associated with the deaths of massive stars. So it is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 H. Yu , F. Y. Wang , Z. G. Dai , K. S. Cheng

Theory suggests that about 10% of Swift-detected gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) will originate at redshifts greater than 5 yet a number of high redshift candidates may be left unconfirmed due to the lack of measured redshifts. Here we introduce…

Long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) allow us to pinpoint and study star-forming galaxies in the early universe, thanks to their orders of magnitude brighter peak luminosities compared to other astrophysical sources, and their association…

Using the sample of long Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by Swift-BAT before June 2007, we measure the cumulative distribution of the peak photon fluxes (log N - log P) of the Swift bursts. Compared with the BATSE sample, we find that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Xinyu Dai

We compare the properties of optically dark GRBs, defined by the optical-to-X-ray spectral index beta_OX<0.5, and normal ones discovered by the Swift satellite before the year 2008 in a statistical way, using data collected from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-09-24 W. Zheng , J. Deng , J. Wang