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The global majority problem, often referred to as the Density Classification Task, is a classical benchmark in the context of probing the computational capabilities of automata networks. It poses the simple yet challenging problem of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Pedro Paulo Balbi , Kévin Perrot , Marius Rolland , Eurico Ruivo

Kleinberg and Mullainathan showed that language generation in the limit is always possible at the level of computability: given enough positive examples, a learner can eventually generate data indistinguishable from a target language.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Marcelo Arenas , Pablo Barceló , Luis Cofré , Alexander Kozachinskiy

The properties of two-state nearest-neighbour cellular automata (CA) that are capable of density classification are discussed. It is shown that these CA actually conserve the total density, rather than merely classifying it. This is also…

comp-gas · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Sukumar

Usually, probabilistic automata and probabilistic grammars have crisp symbols as inputs, which can be viewed as the formal models of computing with values. In this paper, we first introduce probabilistic automata and probabilistic grammars…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Yongzhi Cao , Lirong Xia , Mingsheng Ying

In a simple pattern matching problem one has a pattern $w$ and a text $t$, which are words over a finite alphabet $\Sigma$. One may ask whether $w$ occurs in $t$, and if so, where? More generally, we may have a set $P$ of patterns and a set…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Janusz A. Brzozowski , Sylvie Davies , Abhishek Madan

In the constrained synchronization problem we ask if a given automaton admits a synchronizing word coming from a fixed regular constraint language. We show that intersecting a given constraint language with an ideal language decreases the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Stefan Hoffmann

In this paper we explore fundamental concepts in computational complexity theory and the boundaries of algorithmic decidability. We examine the relationship between complexity classes \textbf{P} and \textbf{NP}, where $L \in \textbf{P}$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Duaa Abdullah , Jasem Hamoud

"Quantitative languages are extension of boolean languages that assign to each word a real number. Mean-payoff automata are finite automata with numerical weights on transitions that assign to each infinite path the long-run average of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-05-20 Yaron Velner

The theory of cellular automata in operational probabilistic theories is developed. We start introducing the composition of infinitely many elementary systems, and then use this notion to define update rules for such infinite composite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-09 Paolo Perinotti

In this paper we introduce a new quantum computation model, the linear quantum cellular automaton. Well-formedness is an essential property for any quantum computing device since it enables us to define the probability of a configuration in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Christoph Durr , Huong LeThanh , Miklos Santha

For a complexity function $C$, the lower and upper $C$-complexity rates of an infinite word $\mathbf{x}$ are \[ \underline{C}(\mathbf x)=\liminf_{n\to\infty} \frac{C(\mathbf{x}\upharpoonright n)}n,\quad \overline{C}(\mathbf…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen

Given a countable set X (usually taken to be the natural numbers or integers), an infinite permutation, \pi, of X is a linear ordering of X. This paper investigates the combinatorial complexity of infinite permutations on the natural…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-08-19 Steven Widmer

Cellular automata are topological dynamical systems. We consider the problem of deciding whether two cellular automata are conjugate or not. We also consider deciding strong conjugacy, that is, conjugacy by a map that commutes with the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Joonatan Jalonen , Jarkko Kari

Given a countable set X (usually taken to be N or Z), an infinite permutation $\pi$ of X is a linear ordering $<_\pi$ of X. This paper investigates the combinatorial complexity of infinite permutations on N associated with the image of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-03-01 Steven Widmer

We introduce session automata, an automata model to process data words, i.e., words over an infinite alphabet. Session automata support the notion of fresh data values, which are well suited for modeling protocols in which sessions using…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Benedikt Bollig , Peter Habermehl , Martin Leucker , Benjamin Monmege

We answer two open questions by (Gruber, Holzer, Kutrib, 2009) on the state-complexity of representing sub- or superword closures of context-free grammars (CFGs): (1) We prove a (tight) upper bound of $2^{\mathcal{O}(n)}$ on the size of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-24 Georg Bachmeier , Michael Luttenberger , Maximilian Schlund

Sampled semantics of timed automata is a finite approximation of their dense time behavior. While the former is closer to the actual software or hardware systems with a fixed granularity of time, the abstract character of the latter makes…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Pavel Krcal , Parosh Aziz Abdulla , Wang Yi

In this paper we consider block languages, namely sets of words having the same length, and study the deterministic and nondeterministic state complexity of several operations on these languages. Being a subclass of finite languages, the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Guilherme Duarte , Nelma Moreira , Luca Prigioniero , Rogério Reis

We examine deterministic and nondeterministic state complexities of regular operations on prefix-free languages. We strengthen several results by providing witness languages over smaller alphabets, usually as small as possible. We next…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-11 Galina Jirásková , Monika Krausová

A universal map is derived for all deterministic 1D cellular automata (CA) containing no freely adjustable parameters. The map can be extended to an arbitrary number of dimensions and topologies and its invariances allow to classify all CA…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2012-03-20 Vladimir Garcia-Morales