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In a classic thought experiment, Szilard suggested a heat engine where a single particle, for example an atom or a molecule, is confined in a container coupled to a single heat bath. The container can be separated into two parts by a…

The so-called information-thermodynamics link created by a thought experiment of Szilard became a core of the modern orthodoxy in the field of quantum information and resources theory in quantum thermodynamics. We remind existing objections…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-28 Robert Alicki , Michal Horodecki

In Szilard's engine, measurement and feedback allows to extract work from an equilibrium environment, a process otherwise forbidden by the laws of thermodynamics. Recent theoretical developments have established fluctuation theorems and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 David Barker , Sebastian Lehmann , Kimberly A. Dick , Peter Samuelsson , Ville Maisi , Patrick P. Potts

It was recently found that the information-to-work conversion in a quantum Szilard engine can be increased by using a working medium of bosons with attractive interactions. In the original scheme, the work output depends on the insertion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 J. Bengtsson , M. Nilsson Tengstrand , S. M. Reimann

The information-thermodynamics link is revisited, going back to the analysis of Szilard's engine. It is argued that instead of equivalence rather complementarity of physical entropy and information theoretical one is a correct concept.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-24 Robert Alicki

In this article, we have realized the quantum Szilard engine (QZE) for non-interacting bosons. We have adopted the Bose-Einstein statistics for this purpose. We have considered fractional power law potential for this purpose and have used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-15 Najirul Islam

We look at certain thought experiments based upon the 'delayed choice' and 'quantum eraser' interference experiments, which present a complementarity between information gathered from a quantum measurement and interference effects. It has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 O. J. E. Maroney

Here, we show the implementation of a complete cycle of a quantum engine fuelled by information. This engine is a quantum version of the Szilard engine, where information is used to extract heat from the environment and fully convert it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-19 John P. S. Peterson , Roberto S. Sarthour , Raymond Laflamme

The Szil\'ard engine is a mechanism (akin to Maxwell's demon) for converting information into energy, which seemingly violates the second law of thermodynamics. Originally a classical thought experiment, it was extended to a quantized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-29 Paul Davies , Logan Thomas , George Zahariade

Szil\'ard's information engine is a canonical example in the field of thermodynamics of information. We realize experimentally a macroscopic many-particle Szil\'ard engine that consists of active particles and use it to lift a mass against…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-22 Omer Chor , Amir Sohachi , Rémi Goerlich , Eran Rosen , Saar Rahav , Yael Roichman

Nucleic acids theoretically possess a Szilard engine function that can convert the energy associated with the Shannon entropy of molecules for which they have coded recognition, into the useful work of geometric reconfiguration of the…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2012-08-29 F. Matthew Mihelic

The Szilard engine is the simplest possible engine, composed only of one or more particles in a box. The box is then immersed in a heat bath and partitioned into two parts by a wall. It is known that in the cold temperature limit, one may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-08 T. K. Chuan , D. Kaszlikowski

The quantum Szilard engine (QSZE) is a conceptual quantum engine for understanding the fundamental physics of quantum thermodynamics and information physics. We generalize the QSZE to an arbitrary spin case, i.e., a spin QSZE (SQSZE), and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-03 Zekun Zhuang , Shi-Dong Liang

The Szilard engine stands as a compelling illustration of the intricate interplay between information and thermodynamics. While at thermodynamic equilibrium, the apparent breach of the second law of thermodynamics was reconciled by Landauer…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-01-17 Luca Cocconi , Letian Chen

We present a computational model for Szilard's engine and the information discarding process. Taking advantage of a fact that the one is essentially the reversed cycle of the other, we can discuss the both by employing the same model.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Takahiro Hatano , Shin-ichi Sasa

By developing and leveraging an explicit molecular realisation of a measurement-and-feedback-powered Szilard engine, we investigate the extraction of work from complex environments by minimal machines with finite capacity for memory and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-09-04 Rory A. Brittain , Nick S. Jones , Thomas E. Ouldridge

The so-called information-thermodynamics link has been created in a series of works starting from Maxwell demon and established by the idea of transforming information into work in the though experiment of Szilard which then evolved into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-23 Robert Alicki

The contribution to the biexciton binding energy in quantum dots resulting from the interaction with longitudinal optical phonons is estimated by performing the configuration--interaction calculation of the few-particle states in a simple…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-01-20 Paweł Machnikowski

The innate complexity of solid state physics exposes superconducting quantum circuits to interactions with uncontrolled degrees of freedom degrading their coherence. By using a simple stabilization sequence we show that a superconducting…

We theoretically propose a quantum heat engine using a setup consisting of a ring-trapped Bose-Einstein condensate placed in a Fabry-P\'erot cavity where the optical field carries orbital angular momentum. We first show that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Aritra Ghosh , Nilamoni Daloi , M. Bhattacharya
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