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Iron meteorite falls are rare compared to stony meteorites, and until recently no iron meteorite had a reliably determined pre-atmospheric orbit. This changed on 2020 November 7, when a bright fireball was observed across Sweden and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-18 Jarmo Moilanen , Maria Gritsevich , Jaakko Visuri

For centuries extremely-long grazing fireball displays have fascinated observers and inspired people to ponder about their origins. The Desert Fireball Network (DFN) is the largest single fireball network in the world, covering about one…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-15 P. M. Shober , T. Jansen-Sturgeon , E. K. Sansom , H. A. R. Devillepoix , M. C. Towner , P. A. Bland , M. Cupák , R. M. Howie , B. A. D. Hartig

The Desert Fireball Network observed a significant outburst of fireballs belonging to the Southern Taurid Complex of meteor showers between October 27 and November 17, 2015. At the same time, the Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance…

On May 30th, 2017 at about 21h 09m 17s UTC a green bright fireball crossed the sky of north-eastern Italy. The fireball path was observed from some all-sky cameras starting from a mean altitude of $81.1 \pm 0.2$ km (Lat. $44.369^{\circ} \pm…

On January 19, 1993, a very bright bolide (peak magnitude -23) crossed the sky of Northern Italy, ending with an explosion approximately over the town of Lugo (Emilia Romagna, Italy). The explosion (14 kton of energy) generated shock waves…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Luigi Foschini

We have estimated the largest meteoroids present in major meteor showers from observations conducted between 2019-2022 by the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) instrument on the GOES-R satellites. Our integrated time area products for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-10 Kasia Wisniewski , Peter Brown , Danielle Moser , Randy Longenbaugh

Thermal infrared emission and thermophysical modeling techniques are powerful tools in deciphering the surface properties of asteroids. The near-Earth asteroid (3200) Phaethon is an active asteroid with a very small perihelion distance and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 Eric MacLennan , Sean Marshall , Mikael Granvik

Asteroid activity (e.g., thermo-mechanical breakdown, impacts, rotational shedding, tidal disruption, etc.) can inject meteoroids into near-Earth space and leave detectable signatures in orbit catalogs. We searched for such recent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-20 Patrick M. Shober

We report the discovery of a comet-like tail on asteroid (3200) Phaethon when imaged at optical wavelengths near perihelion. In both 2009 and 2012, the tail appears >=350" (2.5x10^8 m) in length and extends approximately in the projected…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 David Jewitt , Jing Li , Jessica Agarwal

We report a comprehensive analysis of the instrumentally observed meteorite fall \v{Z}\v{d}\'ar nad S\'azavou, which occurred in the Czech Republic on 9 December 2014 at 16:16:45-54 UT. The original meteoroid with an estimated initial mass…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-18 Pavel Spurný , Jiří Borovička , Lukáš Shrbený

An ultraviolet-visible spectrum between 300 and 450 nm of a cometary meteoroid that originated from 55P/Tempel-Tuttle was investigated, and its new molecules, induced by atmospheric interaction, were discovered. The spectroscopy was carried…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Shinsuke Abe , Noboru Ebizuka , Hajime Yano , Jun-ichi Watanabe , Jiri Borovicka

An unexpected intense outburst of the Draconid meteor shower was detected by the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR) on October 8, 2012. The peak flux occurred at ~16:40 UT on October 8 with a maximum of 2.4 +/- 0.3 hr-1 km-2 (appropriate to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Quanzhi Ye , Paul A. Wiegert , Peter G. Brown , Margaret D. Campbell-Brown , Robert J. Weryk

A multi-colour phase-polarization curve of asteroid (3200)~Phaethon has been obtained during the December 2017 apparition by merging measurements taken at the observing station of Calern (France) and at the Rhozen observatory (Bulgaria).…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 M. Devogèle , A. Cellino , G. Borisov , Ph. Bendjoya , J. -P. Rive , L. Abe , S. Bagnulo , A. Christou , D. Vernet , Z. Donchev , I. Belskaya , T. Bonev , Yu. N. Krugly

We use the Slovak and Czech video meteor observations, as well as video meteoroid orbits collected in the CAMS, SonotaCo, EDMOND and DMS catalogues, for an analysis of the distribution of meteoroid orbits within the stream of the Geminids…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Maria Hajdukova , Pavel Koten , Leonard Kornos , Juraj Toth

Apollo asteroid 1999 YC may share a dynamical association with the Phaethon-Geminid stream complex (Ohtsuka et al. 2008). Here, we present photometric observations taken to determine the physical properties of 1999 YC. The object shows a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Toshihiro Kasuga , David Jewitt

Taurids are an extensive stream of particles produced by comet 2P/Encke, which can be observed mainly in October and November as a series of meteor showers rich in bright fireballs. Several near-Earth asteroids have also been linked with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-24 Pavol Matlovič , Juraj Tóth , Regina Rudawska , Leonard Kornoš

In this work, we present an optical survey of mm-sized meteoroids using the Canadian Automated Meteor Observatory's (CAMO) mirror tracking system. The system tracks meteors to magnitude +7.5 through an image-intensified telescopic system…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-22 Nicolas Buccongello , Peter G. Brown , Denis Vida , Arazi Pinhas

The Quadrantid meteor shower is among the strongest annual meteor showers, and has drawn the attention of scientists for several decades. The stream is unusual, among others, for several reasons: its very short duration around maximum…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-16 Abedin Abedin , Pavel Spurny , Paul Wiegert , Petr Pokorny , Jiri Borovicka , Peter Brown

On October 8th, 2011 the Earth crossed the dust trails left by comet 21P/Giacobini-Zinner during its XIX and XX century perihelion approaches with the comet being close to perihelion. The geometric circumstances of that encounter were thus…

Meteoroids are pieces of asteroids and comets. They serve as unique probes to the physical and chemical properties of their parent bodies. We can derive some of these properties when meteoroids collide with the atmosphere of Earth and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-08 Tomáš Henych , Jiří Borovička , Pavel Spurný