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The Brownian loop soup introduced in Lawler and Werner (2004) is a Poissonian realization from a sigma-finite measure on unrooted loops. This measure satisfies both conformal invariance and a restriction property. In this paper, we define a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gregory F. Lawler , José A. Trujillo Ferreras

The random walk loop soup is a Poissonian ensemble of lattice loops; it has been extensively studied because of its connections to the discrete Gaussian free field, but was originally introduced by Lawler and Trujillo Ferreras as a discrete…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-19 Tim van de Brug , Federico Camia , Marcin Lis

We show that the scaling limit of the random walk loop soup on suitable planar graphs is the Brownian loop soup, under a topology on multisets of unrooted, unparameterized, and macroscopic loops. The result holds assuming only convergence…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Yihao Pang

The main topic of these lecture notes is the continuum scaling limit of planar lattice models. One reason why this topic occupies an important place in the theory of probability and mathematical statistical physics is that scaling limits…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-12 Federico Camia

We study the structure of Brownian loop-soup clusters in two dimensions. Among other things, we obtain the following decomposition of the clusters with critical intensity: When one conditions a loop-soup cluster by its outer boundary…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-14 Wei Qian , Wendelin Werner

We construct an application, which takes as input a simple path and a possibly infinite collection of loops, and outputs a continuous path by adding the loops chronologically to the simple path as the simple path encounters them. By…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Nathanaël Berestycki , Isao Sauzedde

We study vertex-like operators built from the Brownian loop soup in the limit as the loop soup intensity tends to infinity. More precisely, following Camia, Gandolfi and Kleban (Nuclear Physics B 902, 2016), we take a Brownian loop soup in…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Federico Camia , Alberto Gandolfi , Giovanni Peccati , Tulasi Ram Reddy

The two-dimensional Brownian loop-soup is a Poissonian random collection of loops in a planar domain with an intensity parameter c. When c is not greater than 1, we show that the outer boundaries of the loop clusters are disjoint simple…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-29 Scott Sheffield , Wendelin Werner

We construct a measure on the thick points of a Brownian loop soup in a bounded domain D of the plane with given intensity $\theta>0$, which is formally obtained by exponentiating the square root of its occupation field. The measure is…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-27 Élie Aïdékon , Nathanaël Berestycki , Antoine Jego , Titus Lupu

We consider the dimer model on the square and hexagonal lattices with doubly periodic weights. The purpose of this paper is threefold: (a) we establish a rigourous connection with the massive SLE$_2$ constructed by Makarov and Smirnov (and…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-21 Nathanaël Berestycki , Levi Haunschmid-Sibitz

We consider the random field defined by the layering numbers of the Brownian loop soup in a bounded simply connected domain in the complex plane. We call this the layering field and show that, after a suitable renormalization, it converges…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Sayantan Maitra

Lawler, Schramm and Werner showed that the scaling limit of the loop-erased random walk on $\mathbb{Z}^2$ is $\mathrm{SLE}_2$. We consider scaling limits of the loop-erasure of random walks on other planar graphs (graphs embedded into…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-16 Ariel Yadin , Amir Yehudayoff

We establish up-to-constants estimates for arm events in the Brownian loop soup on the 2D metric graph associated with the square lattice. More specifically, we consider two natural geometric events: first, ``bulk'' four-arm events,…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Yijie Bi , Yifan Gao , Pierre Nolin , Wei Qian

We define and study a set of operators that compute statistical properties of the Brownian Loop Soup, a conformally invariant gas of random Brownian loops (Brownian paths constrained to begin and end at the same point) in two dimensions. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 Federico Camia , Alberto Gandolfi , Matthew Kleban

We derive an intensity doubling feature of critical Brownian loop-soups on the cable-graphs of ${\mathbb Z}^d$ for $d \ge 7$ that can be described as follows: In the box $[-N, N]^d$ (and with a probability that goes to $1$ as $N$ goes to…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Titus Lupu , Wendelin Werner

We study the clusters of loops in a Brownian loop soup in some bounded two-dimensional domain with subcritical intensity $\theta \in (0,1/2]$. We obtain an exact expression for the asymptotic probability of the existence of a cluster…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Antoine Jego , Titus Lupu , Wei Qian

We provide a decomposition of the trace of the Brownian motion into a simple path and an independent Brownian soup of loops that intersect the simple path. More precisely, we prove that any subsequential scaling limit of the loop erased…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-12-16 Artem Sapozhnikov , Daisuke Shiraishi

This article deals with limit theorems for certain loop variables for loop soups whose intensity approaches infinity. We first consider random walk loop soups on finite graphs and obtain a central limit theorem when the loop variable is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-04 Federico Camia , Yves Le Jan , Tulasi Ram Reddy

In this research announcement, we show that SLE curves can in fact be viewed as boundaries of certain simple Poissonian percolation clusters: Recall that the Brownian loop-soup (introduced in the paper arxiv:math.PR/0304419 with Greg…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Wendelin Werner

We study Brownian loop soup clusters in $\mathbb{R}^3$ for an arbitrary intensity $\alpha>0$. We show the existence of a phase transition for the presence of unbounded clusters and study its basic properties. In particular, we show that,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-29 Antoine Jego , Titus Lupu
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