Related papers: Testing chemical composition of highest energy com…
An analysis has been made of the present situation with the high energy hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interaction models. As is already known there are inconsistencies in the interpretation of experimental data on the primary mass…
The origin of the highest energy cosmic rays is still unknown. The discovery of their sources will reveal the workings of the most energetic astrophysical accelerators in the universe. Current observations show a spectrum consistent with an…
The identification of string relics, or of other very massive states, at forthcoming ultra high energy cosmic rays experiments, requires a good reconstruction of the main properties of the extensive air showers produced by the collision of…
Cosmic ray particles with energies in excess of 10**(20) eV have been detected. The sources as well as the physical mechanism(s) responsible for endowing cosmic ray particles with such enormous energies are unknown. This report gives a…
The Pierre Auger Observatory concluded its first phase of data taking after seventeen years of operation. The dataset collected by its surface and fluorescence detectors (FD and SD) provides us with the most precise estimates of the energy…
Our knowledge of the mass composition of cosmic rays is deficient at all energies above 10^17. Here systematic differences between different measurements are discussed and, in particular, it is argued that there is no compelling evidence to…
The generic properties of the emission of coherent radiation from a moving charge distribution are discussed. The general structure of the charge and current distributions in an extensive air shower are derived. These are subsequently used…
Cosmic ray air showers are known to emit pulsed radio emission at frequencies around a few tens of MHz. Accompanying the experimental efforts of the LOPES project, situated at the KASCADE-Grande site of the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, we…
We report on studies of the composition of ultra high energy cosmic rays with the Pierre Auger Observatory. The detection of longitudinal air shower profiles with the fluorescence detector is described and the measurement of the average…
We study the role new gauge interactions in extensions of the standard model play in air showers initiated by ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays. Hadron-hadron events remain dominated by quantum chromodynamics, while projectiles and/or targets…
Cosmic rays have valuable information about universe surroundings us. Finding energy, mass and arrival direction of primary cosmic ray particle are the most important aspects of extensive air shower studies. In order to determine these…
We report a first measurement for ultra-high energy cosmic rays of the correlation between the depth of shower maximum and the signal in the water Cherenkov stations of air-showers registered simultaneously by the fluorescence and the…
Detection of the air-fluorescence radiation induced by the charged particles of extensive air showers is a well-established technique for the study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Fluorescence telescopes provide a nearly calorimetric…
Model calculations are performed of extensive air shower (EAS) component energies using a variety of hadronic interaction parameters. A conversion factor from electromagnetic component energy to the energy of ultra-high energy cosmic rays…
A simulation study of the energy released in air due to the development of an extensive air shower has been carried out using the CORSIKA code. The contributions to the energy release from different particle species and energies as well as…
Extended Air Showers produced by cosmic rays impinging on the earth atmosphere irradiate radio frequency radiation through different mechanisms. Upon certain conditions, the emission has a coherent nature, with the consequence that the…
We investigate the physical mechanism of the GZ-effect that could explain the production of multiple primaries from an event initiated outside the Earth's atmosphere. In this case, there would correspondingly be multiple extensive air…
In this Letter we examine the arrival directions of the most energetic cosmic rays (E > 2 * 10^19 eV) detected by several air shower experiments. We find that data taken by different air shower arrays show positive correlations, indicating…
We discuss the lateral distribution of charged particles in extensive air showers with energy above $10^{17}$ eV measured by surface scintillation detectors of Yakutsk EAS array. The analysis covers the data obtained during the period from…
The identification of very high energy photons is of great importance for the understanding of the origin of extreme energy cosmic rays (EECR). Several can be the sources of high energy photons at Earth. A guaranteed component is the flux…