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{\it De novo} protein sequencing is essential for understanding cellular processes that govern the function of living organisms and all post-translational events and other sequence modifications that occur after a protein has been…
Protein phosphorylation provides a dynamic readout of cellular signaling yet remains difficult to detect at low abundance and stoichiometry. Single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SM-SERS) using particle-in-pore plasmonic…
Recent experiments of translocation of double stranded DNA through nanopores [M. Wanunu \textit{et al.} Nature Nanotech. {\bf 5}, 160 (2010)] reveal that the DNA capture rate can be significantly influenced by a salt gradient across the…
Resizable elastomeric nanopores have been used to measure pulses of ionic current caused by carboxylated polystyrene spheres of diameter 200 nm and 800 nm. The nanopores represent a novel technology which enables nanoscale resizing of a…
This paper presents an electrolytically gated broadband microwave sensor where atomically-thin graphene layers are integrated into coplanar waveguides and coupled with microfluidic channels. The interaction between a solution under test and…
Field-enhanced infrared molecular spectroscopy has been widely applied in chemical analysis, environment monitoring, and food and drug safety. The sensitivity of molecular spectroscopy critically depends on the electromagnetic field…
Single-molecule detection enables direct observation of individual biomolecular events, providing mechanistic insights into biological processes and offering a powerful tool for disease diagnostics. However, the fundamental scale mismatch…
Single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy based on a particle trapped in a plasmonic nanopores provides a unique method for continued and controlled detection of peptide and DNA oligonucleotides in liquid medium. However, the…
The analysis of proteins in the gas phase benefits from detectors that exhibit high efficiency and precise spatial resolution. Although modern secondary electron multipliers already address numerous analytical requirements, new methods are…
We study voltage driven translocation of a single stranded (ss) DNA through a membrane channel. Our model, based on a master equation (ME) approach, investigates the probability density function (pdf) of the translocation times, and shows…
DNA methylation (DNAme) is a critical component of the epigenetic regulatory machinery and aberrations in DNAme patterns occur in many diseases, such as cancer. Mapping and understanding DNAme profiles offers considerable promise for…
Plasmons --the collective oscillations of electrons in conducting materials-- play a pivotal role in nanophotonics because of their ability to couple electronic and photonic degrees of freedom. In particular, plasmons in graphene --the…
With the development of high-resolution fingerprint scanners, high-resolution fingerprint-based biometric recognition has received increasing attention in recent years. This paper presents a pore feature-based approach for biometric…
We present a high-sensitivity measurement technique for mechanical nanoresonators. Due to intrinsic nonlinear effects, different flexural modes of a nanobeam can be coupled while driving each of them on resonance. This mode-coupling scheme…
Nanopores in two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene, can be used for a variety of applications, such as gas separations, water desalination, and DNA sequencing. So far, however, all plausible isomeric shapes of graphene…
Biomolecules exhibit dynamic conformations critical to their functions, yet observing these processes at the single-molecule level under native conditions remains a formidable challenge. While surface immobilization has been widely used to…
A graphene channel field-effect biosensor is demonstrated for detecting the binding of double-stranded DNA and poly-l-lysine. Sensors consist of CVD graphene transferred using a clean, etchant-free transfer method. The presence of DNA and…
Optical biosensors are indispensable in medical and environmental diagnostics, yet existing approaches are fundamentally limited in their sensitivity due to ensemble-averaged measurements. Digital biosensing has emerged as a promising…
DNA nanotechnology promises to provide controllable self-assembly on the nanoscale, allowing for the design of static structures, dynamic machines and computational architectures. In this article I review the state-of-the art of DNA…
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are atomically precise stripes of graphene with tunable electronic properties, making them promising for room-temperature switching applications like field-effect transistors (FETs). However, challenges persist…