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Related papers: Supernova neutrinos and nucleosynthesis

200 papers

Neutrino-driven winds following core collapse supernovae have been proposed as a suitable site where the so-called light heavy elements (between Sr to Ag) can be synthetized. For moderately neutron-rich winds, ($\alpha,n$) reactions play a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-09 Jorge Pereira , Almudena Arcones , Julia Bliss , Fernando Montes

A long-standing scientific puzzle has been to explain the origin of the heaviest elements in the Universe and, more particularly, the production of the elements heavier than iron up to uranium. The rapid neutron capture process (or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-14 Ina K. B. Kullmann

We study the nucleosynthesis products in neutrino-driven winds from rapidly rotating, highly magnetised and misaligned protomagnetars using the nuclear reaction network SkyNet. We adopt a semi-analytic parametrized model for the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-28 Nick Ekanger , Mukul Bhattacharya , Shunsaku Horiuchi

To better characterize the abundance patterns produced by the r-process, we have derived new abundances or upper limits for the heavy elements zinc (Zn), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), europium (Eu), and lead (Pb). Our sample of 161…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 I. U. Roederer , J. J. Cowan , A. I. Karakas , K. -L. Kratz , M. Lugaro , J. Simmerer , K. Farouqi , C. Sneden

We investigate the nucleosynthesis in a massive star of 70 M_solar with solar metallicity in the main sequence stage. The helium core mass after hydrogen burning corresponds to 32 M_solar. Nucleosynthesis calculations have been performed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-03 Masaomi Ono , Masa-aki Hashimoto , Shin-ichiro Fujimoto , Kei Kotake , Shoichi Yamada

The origin of heavy r-process elements in the universe is still a matter of great debate, with a confirmed scenario being neutron star (NS) mergers. Additional relevant sites could be specific classes of events, such as gamma-ray burst…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-15 Giacomo Ricigliano , Kenta Hotokezaka , Almudena Arcones

The kilonova emission observed following the binary neutron star merger event GW170817 provided the first direct evidence for the synthesis of heavy nuclei through the r-process. The late-time transition in the spectral energy distribution…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-14 Meng-Ru Wu , Jennifer Barnes , Gabriel Martinez-Pinedo , Brian D. Metzger

Neutrino-driven winds, which follow core-collapse supernova explosions, present a fascinating nuclear astrophysics problem that requires understanding advanced astrophysics simulations, the properties of matter and neutrino interactions…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 A. Arcones , F. -K. Thielemann

Stars with a wide range of masses provide a variety of production sites for intermediate-to-heavy mass elements. Very massive stars with mass $\geq 8 M_{\odot}$ culminate their evolution by supernova explosions which are presumed to be the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Sasaqui , T. Kajino , A. B. Balantekin

The abundance patterns of metal-poor stars provide us a wealth of chemical information about various stages of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. In particular, these stars allow us to study the formation and evolution of the elements…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-14 Anna Frebel

We suggest that if the astrophysical site for r-process nucleosynthesis in the early Galaxy is confined to a narrow mass range of Type II supernova (SN II) progenitors, with a lower mass limit of Mms = 20 Msun, a unique feature in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Takuji Tsujimoto , Toshikazu Shigeyama , Yuzuru Yoshii

The neutrino driven wind during a core collapse supernova is an attractive site for r-process nucleosynthesis. The electron fraction $Y_e$ in the wind depends on observable neutrino energies and luminosities. The mean antineutrino energy is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 C. J. Horowitz

The rapid neutron-capture process or r-process is thought to produce the majority of the heavy elements (Z > 30) in extremely metal-poor stars. The same process is also responsible for a significant fraction of the heavy elements in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-13 Andrew R. Casey , Kevin C. Schlaufman

We calculate nucleosynthesis in core-collapse explosions of massive Pop III stars, and compare the results with abundances of metal-poor halo stars to constrain the parameters of Pop III supernovae. We focus on iron-peak elements and, in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Hideyuki Umeda , Ken'ichi Nomoto

When binary systems of neutron stars merge, a very small fraction of their rest mass is ejected, either dynamically or secularly. This material is neutron-rich and its nucleosynthesis could provide the astrophysical site for the production…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-13 Luke Bovard , Dirk Martin , Federico Guercilena , Almudena Arcones , Luciano Rezzolla , Oleg Korobkin

The discovery of the radioactively powered kilonova AT2017gfo, associated with the short-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A and the gravitational wave source GW170817, has provided the first direct evidence supporting binary neutron star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-14 Meng-Hua Chen , Li-Xin Li , Qiu-Hong Chen , Rui-Chong Hu , En-Wei Liang

We examine magnetorotationally driven supernovae as sources of $r$-process elements in the early Galaxy. On the basis of thermodynamic histories of tracer particles from a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical core-collapse supernova…

Rapid neutron capture process (r-process) elements have been detected in a large fraction of metal-poor halo stars, with abundances relative to iron (Fe) that vary by over two orders of magnitude. This scatter is reduced to less than a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-08-16 B. Wehmeyer , C. Frohlich , B. Côté , M. Pignatari , F. -K. Thielemann

The huge neutrino pulse that occurs during the collapse of a massive stellar core, is expected to contribute to the origination of a number of isotopes both of light chemical elements and heavy ones. It is shown that, in general, the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 D. K. Nadyozhin , I. V. Panov , S. I. Blinnikov

Abundances of heavier elements (barium and beyond) in many neutron-capture-element-rich halo stars accurately replicate the solar system r-process pattern. However, abundances of lighter neutron-capture elements in these stars are not…