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A detection of excess cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode polarization on large scales allows the possibility of measuring not only the amplitude of these fluctuations but also their scale dependence, which can be parametrized as the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Gabrielle Simard , Duncan Hanson , Gil Holder

The characteristics of the cosmic microwave background provide circumstantial evidence that the hot radiation-dominated epoch in the early universe was preceded by a period of inflationary expansion. Here, we show how a measurement of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-12 Andreas Ringwald , Carlos Tamarit

Near comoving wavenumber k, the gravitational-wave background (GWB) from inflation carries information about the physical conditions near two moments in cosmic history: the moment when k ``left the horizon'' during inflation, and the moment…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Latham A. Boyle , Paul J. Steinhardt

We investigate the observational signatures of three models of the early Universe in the $B$-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. In addition to the standard single field inflationary model, we also consider…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-01-27 Yin-Zhe Ma , Wen Zhao , Michael L. Brown

The standard model of cosmology assumes a homogeneous and isotropic universe that undergoes a period of exponential expansion very early on, named inflation. This stretches quantum fluctuations from the onset of inflation to cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-22 Rita B. Neves

Recent tentative findings of non-Gaussian structure in the COBE-DMR dataset have triggered renewed attention to candidate models from which such intrinsic signature could arise. In the framework of slow roll inflation with built-in non…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Alejandro Gangui , Jerome Martin

Future Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments will deliver extremely accurate measurements of the E-modes pattern of the CMB polarization field. Given the sharpness of the E-modes transfer functions, such surveys make for a powerful…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-15 Matteo Braglia , Xingang Chen , Dhiraj Kumar Hazra , Lucas Pinol

In addition to its spectrum and temperature anisotropy, the 2.7K Cosmic Microwave Background is also expected to exhibit a low level of polarization. The spatial power spectrum of the polarization can provide details about the formation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Brian Keating , Peter Timbie , Alexander Polnarev , Julia Steinberger

I review the general aspects of cosmological parameter estimation from observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies in the framework of inflationary adiabatic models. The most recent CMB datasets are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Balbi

The angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropy observed by WMAP has an anomalous dip at l~20 and bump at l~40. One explanation for this structure is the presence of features in the primordial curvature…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-05-19 Michael J. Mortonson , Cora Dvorkin , Hiranya V. Peiris , Wayne Hu

Is there new physics hidden in the four-point function of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)? We conduct a detailed analysis of the Planck PR4 temperature and polarization trispectrum for $\ell\in[2,2048]$. Using the theoretical and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-30 Oliver H. E. Philcox

In this article, we do a thorough investigation of the competency of the forthcoming Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Galaxy surveys in probing the features in the primordial power spectrum. Primordial features are specific…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-01 Debabrata Chandra , Supratik Pal

The BICEP2 collaboration reported recently a B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation inconsistent with the null hypothesis at a significance of > 5 {\sigma}. This result has been often interpreted as a…

General Physics · Physics 2014-08-28 Luis Gonzalez-Mestres

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) traveled the cosmos long before it reached our telescopes today. Consequently, it is one of the best probes of fundamental processes in the early Universe that we could hope to observe. The cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-11 Jens Chluba

Inflationary cosmology provides a natural mechanism for the generation of primordial perturbations which seed the formation of observed cosmic structure and lead to specific signals of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-19 Salman Habib , Andreas Heinen , Katrin Heitmann , Gerard Jungman

It is well known that processes of first order phase transitions may have occurred in the inflationary era. If one or more occurred well before the end of inflation, the nucleated bubbles are stretched to large scales and the primordial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Carlo Baccigalupi

The cosmic microwave background (CMB), the relic radiation from the early Universe, offers a unique window into both primordial conditions and the intervening large-scale structure (LSS) it traverses. Interactions between CMB photons and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-24 Federico Bianchini , Abhishek S. Maniyar

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations are used to constrain reheating to Standard Model (SM) particles after a period of inflation. As a light spectator field, the SM Higgs boson acquires large field values from its quantum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-11-17 Aliki Litsa , Katherine Freese , Evangelos I. Sfakianakis , Patrick Stengel , Luca Visinelli

Secondary anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can be detected by using the cross-correlation between the large-scale structure (LSS) and the CMB temperature fluctuations. In such studies, chance correlations of primordial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-26 Mona Frommert , Torsten A. Ensslin

We show how estimates of parameters characterizing inflation-based theories of structure formation localized over the past year when large scale structure (LSS) information from galaxy and cluster surveys was combined with the rapidly…