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We consider a general class of random matrices whose entries are centred random variables, independent up to a symmetry constraint. We establish precise high-probability bounds on the averages of arbitrary monomials in the resolvent matrix…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Laszlo Erdos , Antti Knowles , Horng-Tzer Yau

We consider $N\times N$ random matrices of the form $H=W+V$ where $W$ is a real symmetric or complex Hermitian Wigner matrix and $V$ is a random or deterministic, real, diagonal matrix whose entries are independent of $W$. We assume…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-08 Ji Oon Lee , Kevin Schnelli , Ben Stetler , Horng-Tzer Yau

This is a continuation of our earlier paper on the universality of the eigenvalues of Wigner random matrices. The main new results of this paper are an extension of the results in that paper from the bulk of the spectrum up to the edge. In…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Terence Tao , Van Vu

We consider $N\times N$ random matrices of the form $H = W + V$ where $W$ is a real symmetric Wigner matrix and $V$ a random or deterministic, real, diagonal matrix whose entries are independent of $W$. We assume subexponential decay for…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-29 Ji Oon Lee , Kevin Schnelli

We extend the proof of the local semicircle law for generalized Wigner matrices given in [4] to the case when the matrix of variances has an eigenvalue $ -1 $. In particular, this result provides a short proof of the optimal local…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-11-11 Oskari Ajanki , Laszlo Erdos , Torben Krüger

We study the universality of spectral statistics of large random matrices. We consider $N\times N$ symmetric, hermitian or quaternion self-dual random matrices with independent, identically distributed entries (Wigner matrices) where the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Laszlo Erdos

We prove a local law in the bulk of the spectrum for random Gram matrices $XX^*$, a generalization of sample covariance matrices, where $X$ is a large matrix with independent, centered entries with arbitrary variances. The limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-13 Johannes Alt , László Erdős , Torben Krüger

We consider general self-adjoint polynomials in several independent random matrices whose entries are centered and have the same variance. We show that under certain conditions the local law holds up to the optimal scale, i.e., the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-14 László Erdős , Torben Krüger , Yuriy Nemish

The largest eigenvalue of a matrix is always larger or equal than its largest diagonal entry. We show that for a large class of random Laplacian matrices, this bound is essentially tight: the largest eigenvalue is, up to lower order terms,…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-28 Afonso S. Bandeira

The scaled standard Wigner matrix (symmetric with mean zero, variance one i.i.d. entries), and its limiting eigenvalue distribution, namely the semi-circular distribution, has attracted much attention. The $2k$th moment of the limit equals…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Arup Bose , Koushik Saha , Arusharka Sen , Priyanka Sen

Let the sample correlation matrix be $W=YY^T$, where $Y=(y_{ij})_{p,n}$ with $y_{ij}=x_{ij}/\sqrt{\sum_{j=1}^nx_{ij}^2}$. We assume $\{x_{ij}: 1\leq i\leq p, 1\leq j\leq n\}$ to be a collection of independent symmetric distributed random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-01 Zhigang Bao , Guangming Pan , Wang Zhou

We explore the spectra and localization properties of the N-site banded one-dimensional non-Hermitian random matrices that arise naturally in sparse neural networks. Approximately equal numbers of random excitatory and inhibitory…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-04-20 Ariel Amir , Naomichi Hatano , David R. Nelson

We study the statistics of the largest eigenvalue lambda_max of N x N random matrices with unit variance, but power-law distributed entries, P(M_{ij})~ |M_{ij}|^{-1-mu}. When mu > 4, lambda_max converges to 2 with Tracy-Widom fluctuations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 Giulio Biroli , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Marc Potters

Let $U$ and $V$ be two independent $N$ by $N$ random matrices that are distributed according to Haar measure on $U(N)$. Let $\Sigma$ be a non-negative deterministic $N$ by $N$ matrix. The single ring theorem [26] asserts that the empirical…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-04 Zhigang Bao , László Erdős , Kevin Schnelli

Eigenvalues of Wigner matrices has been a major topic of investigation. A particularly important subclass of such random matrices is formed by the adjacency matrix of an Erd\H{o}s-R\'{e}nyi graph $\mathcal{G}_{n,p}$ equipped with i.i.d.…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-15 Shirshendu Ganguly , Ella Hiesmayr , Kyeongsik Nam

We consider $N\times N$ Hermitian random matrices with independent identically distributed entries (Wigner matrices). The matrices are normalized so that the average spacing between consecutive eigenvalues is of order $1/N$. Under suitable…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-05-13 Laszlo Erdos , Benjamin Schlein , Horng-Tzer Yau

We prove that with high probability, every eigenvector of a random matrix is delocalized in the sense that any subset of its coordinates carries a non-negligible portion of its $\ell_2$ norm. Our results pertain to a wide class of random…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-23 Mark Rudelson , Roman Vershynin

In this work we consider deterministic, symmetric matrices with heavy-tailed noise imposed on entries within a fixed distance $K$ to the diagonal. The most important example is discrete 1d random Schr\"odinger operator defined on…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Yi Han

Consider a random symmetric matrix with i.i.d.~entries on and above its diagonal that are products of Bernoulli random variables and random variables with sub-Gaussian tails. Such a matrix will be called a sparse Wigner matrix and can be…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-27 Fanny Augeri , Anirban Basak

Let A be an n x n symmetric random matrix whose upper-triangular entries are independent and follow possibly non-identical subgaussian distributions. This paper investigates the spectral properties of A, including its eigenvalues and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Zeyan Song , Hanchao Wang