Related papers: Spacecraft charging: incoming and outgoing electro…
The space charge limit (SCL) of emission from photocathodes sets an upper limit on the performance of both high- and low-field electron guns. Generally, one is forced to strike a compromise between the space charge limit and the cathode's…
The electric field governing the dynamics of space charge produced by high intensity femtosecond laser pulses focused on a copper surface is investigated by time-resolved low-energy-electron-scattering. The pump-probe experiment has a…
We study the spectra and response of two electrons moving on a surface of a sphere and interacting via harmonic potential, to external static and laser fields. The spectrum of such system law is analysed in the light of varying coupling…
Resistive plate chamber (RPC) is one of the state-of-the-art particle detection technology for the High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments. The basic operating mechanism of an RPC involves ionization of gas due to the passage of charged…
The surface charge of a water interface determines many fundamental processes in physical chemistry and interface science, and it has been intensively studied for over a hundred years. We summarize experimental methods to characterize the…
Experiments carried out at our laboratories have led to observing a new type of electrification, now called surface photocharging. For a consistent description, we are weighing carefully the experimental evidence against the common…
Charge transfer plays the central role in chemisorption and chemical reactions at metal surfaces. The Somorjai group in Nano. Lett. {\bf 9}, 3930 (2009) has reported a chemicurrent, a flux of charge carriers in response to $\mathrm{H_2}$…
Theoretical foundations of electron transport in mesoscopic systems, based on Landauer theory, Master equations or Onsager linear thermodynamics, are revisited to show that the noniteracting electrons model is insufficient to describe…
Our recent arXiv preprints have described the experimental evidence for the universal occurrence of short circuit photocurrents on illumination of solid state surfaces by strongly absorbed light. A likely mechanism has been proposed based…
Employing the finite element and computational fluid dynamics methods, we have determined the conditions for the fragmentation of space bodies or preservation of their integrity when they penetrate into the Earth's atmosphere. The origin of…
In recent years, collisional charging has been proposed to promote the growth of pebbles in early phases of planet formation. Ambient pressure in protoplanetary disks spans a wide range from below $10^{-9}$ mbar up to way beyond mbar. Yet,…
We consider a thin ($\sim 10^2-10^3$ fm) layer of electrons (the electrosphere) at the quark surface of a bare strange star, taking into account the surface effects at the boundary with the vacuum. The quark surface holds the electron layer…
Ionic current through a charge-selective interface in a binary electrolyte is a basic element of many electrochemical engineering and microfluidic processes. Such current passage is diffusion-limited: it induces a decrease of electrolyte…
We study the effect of the velocity distributions of the plasma particles on the equilibrium charge of dust particles which suffer collisional charging, considering different forms of both isotropic and anisotropic Kappa distributions for…
Electrostatics in the solution phase is governed by free electrical charges such as ions, as well as by bound charges that arise when a polarizable medium responds to an applied field. In a local medium, described by a constant dielectric…
Physical mechanisms of the interaction of cold plasmas with organic surfaces are discussed. Trapping of plasma ions by the CH2 groups of polymer surfaces resulting in their electrical charging is treated. Polyethylene surfaces were exposed…
Plasma-boundaries floating in an ionized gas are usually negatively charged. They accumulate electrons more efficiently than ions which leads to the formation of a quasi-stationary electron film at the boundaries. We propose, in a…
Dynamic Hubbard models are extensions of the conventional Hubbard model that take into account the fact that atomic orbitals expand upon double occupancy. It is shown here that systems described by dynamic Hubbard models have a tendency to…
The interaction of a bulk electron with conducting surfaces is studied by means of Bohm-Pines transformation in the second quantization formalism. The effective interaction potentials are obtained for the case of one plane and two plane…
The space-charge effect, due to the instantaneous emission of many electrons after the absorption of a single photons pulse, causes distortion in the photoelectron energy spectrum. Two calculation methods have been applied to simulate the…