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We investigate some extremal problems in Fourier analysis and their connection to a problem in prime number theory. In particular, we improve the current bounds for the largest possible gap between consecutive primes assuming the Riemann…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-09 Emanuel Carneiro , Micah B. Milinovich , Kannan Soundararajan

In this paper we study the problem of detecting prime numbers between all consecutive cubes. Firstly, we use a large computation to show that there is always a prime between $n^3$ and $(n+1)^3$ for $n^3\leq 1.649\cdot 10^{40}$. In addition,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Daniel R. Johnston , Jonathan P. Sorenson , Simon N. Thomas , Jonathan E. Webster

In this paper we create a definition for prime gaps in the Gaussian integers using a boxcar metric. From this we used numerical methods to derive an asymptotic upper bound for the gaps in this scenario, namely O(log^2|p_{n}|).

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Kyle Bradford , James Taylor , George Volz

We propose a mechanism by which dust rings in protoplanetary disks can form and be long-lasting compared to gas rings. This involves the existence of a pressure maximum which traps dust either in between two gap-opening planets or at the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-21 Farzana Meru , Sascha P. Quanz , Maddalena Reggiani , Clement Baruteau , Jaime E. Pineda

In a graph $G$, a vertex dominates itself and its neighbours. A set $D\subseteq V(G)$ is said to be a $k$-tuple dominating set of $G$ if $D$ dominates every vertex of $G$ at least $k$ times. The minimum cardinality among all $k$-tuple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-11 Abel Cabrera Martinez

Transitional disks are protoplanetary disk around young stars that display inner holes in the dust distribution within a few AU, which is accompanied nevertheless by some gas accretion onto the central star. These cavities could possibly be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-03 Tobias W. A. Müller , Wilhelm Kley

We showed that the prime gap for a prime number p is less than or equal to the prime count of the prime number.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-07-31 Ya-Ping Lu , Shu-Fang Deng

We study a special set of constellations of primes generated by twin primes.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-20 Vladimir Shevelev , Peter J. C. Moses

Gap clearing by giant planets has been proposed to explain the optically thin cavities observed in many protoplanetary disks. How much material remains in the gap determines not only how detectable young planets are in their birth…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-01 Jeffrey Fung , Ji-Ming Shi , Eugene Chiang

In this paper, we analyze the structure of maximal sets of $k$-dimensional spaces in $\mathrm{PG}(n,q)$ pairwise intersecting in at least a $(k-2)$-dimensional space, for $3 \leq k\leq n-2$. We give an overview of the largest examples of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-13 Jozefien D'haeseleer , Giovanni Longobardi , Ago-Erik Riet , Leo Storme

Tidal captures can produce objects that are observationally and dynamically important in dense stellar systems. Recent discoveries of compact young clusters in and out of the Galaxy have prompted the studies of dynamics of star clusters…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sungsoo S. Kim , Hyung Mok Lee

For each prime $p$, let $I_p \subset \mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ denote a collection of residue classes modulo $p$ such that the cardinalities $|I_p|$ are bounded and about $1$ on average. We show that for sufficiently large $x$, the sifted set…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-01 Kevin Ford , Sergei Konyagin , James Maynard , Carl Pomerance , Terence Tao

We consider a certain equidistributed sequence of rational numbers constructed from the primes. In particular, we determine the sharp convergence rate for the star discrepancy of said sequence. Our arguments are based on well-known…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-29 Martin Lind

Cyclotomic polynomials play fundamental roles in number theory, combinatorics, algebra and their applications. Hence their properties have been extensively investigated. In this paper, we study the maximum gap $g$ (maximum of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-24 Ala'a Al-Kateeb , Mary Ambrosino , Hoon Hong , Eunjeong Lee

We consider avoidance of permutation patterns with designated gap sizes between pairs of consecutive letters. We call the patterns having such constraints distant patterns (DPs) and we show their relation to other pattern notions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-24 Stoyan Dimitrov

We study maximal distances in the commuting graphs of matrix algebras defined over algebraically closed fields. In particular, we show that the maximal distance can be attained only between two nonderogatory matrices. We also describe…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2010-09-29 Gregor Dolinar , Bojan Kuzma , Polona Oblak

We study flip graphs of triangulations whose maximum vertex degree is bounded by a constant $k$. In particular, we consider triangulations of sets of $n$ points in convex position in the plane and prove that their flip graph is connected if…

The $k$-way discrepancy $\disc_k (\C)$ of a rectangular array $\C$ of nonnegative entries is the minimum of the maxima of the within- and between-cluster discrepancies that can be obtained by simultaneous $k$-clusterings (proper partitions)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-03 Marianna Bolla

While many observed debris disks are thought to have gaps suggestive of the presence of planets, direct imaging surveys do not find many high mass planets in these systems. We investigate if divergent migration is a viable mechanism for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 Sarah J. Morrison , Kaitlin M. Kratter

We study whether several consecutive prime gaps can all be relatively large at the same time, or is it possible that all are squares or perfect powers, or perhaps none of them are squares? A few related results and problems are also…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Katalin Gyarmati