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Context. Near-Earth objects (NEOs) on an impact course with Earth can move at high angular speed. Understanding their properties, including rotation state, is crucial for assessing impact risks and mitigation strategies. Traditional…

We have conducted a detailed simulation of LSST's ability to link near-Earth and main belt asteroid detections into orbits. The key elements of the study were a high-fidelity detection model and the presence of false detections in the form…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-30 Peter Vereš , Steven R. Chesley

Asteroid detections in astronomical images may appear as trails due to a combination of their apparent rate of motion and exposure duration. Nearby asteroids in particular typically have high apparent rates of motion and acceleration. Their…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Peter Vereš , Robert Jedicke , Larry Denneau , Richard Wainscoat , Matthew J. Holman , Hsing-Wen Lin

Automated asteroid detection routines set requirements on the number of detections, signal-to-noise ratio, and the linearity of the expected motion in order to balance completeness, reliability, and time delay after data acquisition when…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 Joseph R. Masiero , E. Redwing , A. K. Mainzer , J. M. Bauer , R. M. Cutri , T. Grav , E. Kramer , C. R. Nugent , S. Sonnett , E. L. Wright

The rotational properties of small near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) provide crucial insights into their internal structure and collisional history. However, systematic surveys targeting metre- to decametre-sized bodies are rare, thus leaving…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-24 Miguel R. Alarcon , Javier Licandro , Miquel Serra-Ricart

In the past two decades an increasing interest in discovering Near Earth Objects has been noted in the astronomical community. Dedicated surveys have been operated for data acquisition and processing, resulting in the present discovery of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-10 T. Stefanut , V. Bacu , C. Nandra , D. Balasz , D. Gorgan , O. Vaduvescu

The boundary of solar system object discovery lies in detecting its faintest members. However, their discovery in detection catalogs from imaging surveys is fundamentally limited by the practice of thresholding detections at signal-to-noise…

Modern astronomical surveys detect asteroids by linking together their appearances across multiple images taken over time. This approach faces limitations in detecting faint asteroids and handling the computational complexity of trajectory…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-25 Nathan Golovich , Trevor Steil , Alex Geringer-Sameth , Keita Iwabuchi , Ryan Dozier , Roger Pearce

The continuing monitoring and surveying of the nearby space to detect Near Earth Objects (NEOs) and Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) are essential because of the threats that this kind of objects impose on the future of our planet. We need more…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-15 V. Bacu , A. Sabou , T. Stefanut , D. Gorgan , O. Vaduvescu

Upcoming telescopes like the Vera Rubin Observatory (VRO) and the Argus Array will image large fractions of the sky multiple times per night yielding numerous Near Earth Object (NEO) discoveries. When asteroids are measured with short…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-13 Maryann Benny Fernandes , Daniel Scolnic , Erik Peterson , Chengxing Zhai , Tyler Linder , Maria Acevedo , Daniel Reichart

Although many near-Earth objects have been found by ground-based telescopes, some fast-moving ones, especially those near detection limits, have been missed by observatories. We developed a convolutional neural network for detecting faint…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Franklin Wang , Jian Ge , Kevin Willis

We propose a low-cost robotic optical survey aimed at $1-300$ m Near Earth Objects (NEO) based on four state-of-the-art telescopes having extremely wide field of view. The small Near-Earth Asteroids (NEA) represent a potential risk but also…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-29 P. Vereš , J. Tóth , R. Jedicke , J. Tonry , L. Denneau , R. Wainscoat , L. Kornoš , J. Šilha

As part of the EURONEAR project, almost 70,000 mosaic Suprime-Cam images taken between 1999 and 2013 were data mined for about 9,800 near Earth asteroids (NEAs) known by 2013 May. Using our PRECOVERY server and the "Find Subaru CCD" tool,…

Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) and dead comets comprise the vast majority of the population of Near Earth Objects (NEOs) detected to date. Less is known of their physical properties than of the much larger population of main-belt asteroids.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-14 Mark Trueblood , Larry Lebofsky , Robert Crawford

Context: The measurement of the Yarkovsky effect on near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) is common practice in orbit determination today, and the number of detections will increase with the developments of new and more accurate telescopic surveys.…

We present here VRI spectrophotometry of 39 near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) observed with the Sutherland, South Africa, node of the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet). Of the 39 NEAs, 19 were targeted, but because of KMTNet's large 2…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-04 N. Erasmus , M. Mommert , D. E. Trilling , A. A. Sickafoose , C. van Gend , J. L. Hora

We present a detailed observational strategy for finding Near Earth Objects (NEOs) with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) telescope. We investigate strategies in normal, unbinned mode as well as binning the CCDs 2x2 or 3x3, which affects…

The amount of sparse asteroid photometry being gathered by both space- and ground-based surveys is growing exponentially. This large volume of data poses a computational challenge owing to both the large amount of information to be…

Fast moving celestial objects are characterized by velocities across the celestial sphere that significantly differ from the motions of background stars. In observational images, these objects exhibit distinct shapes, contrasting with the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-11 Peng Jia , Ge Li , Bafeng Cheng , Yushan Li , Rongyu Sun

We studied the Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) candidates posted on the Minor Planet Center's Near-Earth Object Confirmation Page (NEOCP) between years 2013 and 2016. Out of more than 17,000 NEA candidates, while the majority became either new…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-12 Peter Vereš , Matthew J. Payne , Matthew J. Holman , Davide Farnocchia , Gareth V. Williams , Sonia Keys , Ian Boardman