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Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) are systems in which one agent interacts with a stochastic environment, and receives only partial information about the current state. In a multi-environment POMDP (MEPOMDP), the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Léonard Brice , Filip Cano , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Thomas A. Henzinger , Stefanie Muroya

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are a fundamental model for sequential decision-making under uncertainty. However, many verification and synthesis problems for POMDPs are undecidable or intractable. Most prominently,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Nathanaël Fijalkow , Arka Ghosh , Roman Kniazev , Guillermo A. Pérez , Pierre Vandenhove

We consider a partially observable Markov decision problem (POMDP) that models a class of sequencing problems. Although POMDPs are typically intractable, our formulation admits tractable solution. Instead of maintaining a value function…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Paat Rusmevichientong , Benjamin van Roy

In many practical settings control decisions must be made under partial/imperfect information about the evolution of a relevant state variable. Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) is a relatively well-developed framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Yanling Chang , Alfredo Garcia , Zhide Wang , Lu Sun

In this paper, we consider algorithms to decide the existence of strategies in MDPs for Boolean combinations of objectives. These objectives are omega-regular properties that need to be enforced either surely, almost surely, existentially,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Raphaël Berthon , Shibashis Guha , Jean-François Raskin

Partially observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) are a standard model for agents making decisions in uncertain environments. Most work on POMDPs focuses on synthesizing strategies based on the available capabilities. However, system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Alyzia-Maria Konsta , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Christoph Matheja

Solving partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) is highly intractable in general, at least in part because the optimal policy may be infinitely large. In this paper, we explore the problem of finding the optimal policy from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Nicolas Meuleau , Kee-Eung Kim , Leslie Pack Kaelbling , Anthony R. Cassandra

We study countably infinite MDPs with parity objectives. Unlike in finite MDPs, optimal strategies need not exist, and may require infinite memory if they do. We provide a complete picture of the exact strategy complexity of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Stefan Kiefer , Richard Mayr , Mahsa Shirmohammadi , Patrick Totzke

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) are a natural and general model in reinforcement learning that take into account the agent's uncertainty about its current state. In the literature on POMDPs, it is customary to assume…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Noah Golowich , Ankur Moitra , Dhruv Rohatgi

We study and provide efficient algorithms for multi-objective model checking problems for Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). Given an MDP, M, and given multiple linear-time (\omega -regular or LTL) properties \varphi\_i, and probabilities…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Kousha Etessami , Marta Kwiatkowska , Moshe Y. Vardi , Mihalis Yannakakis

We introduce the notion of quantum Markov decision process (qMDP) as a semantic model of nondeterministic and concurrent quantum programs. It is shown by examples that qMDPs can be used in analysis of quantum algorithms and protocols. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-10 Shenggang Ying , Mingsheng Ying

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) rely on the key assumption that probability distributions are precisely known. Robust POMDPs (RPOMDPs) alleviate this concern by defining imprecise probabilities, referred to as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Eline M. Bovy , Marnix Suilen , Sebastian Junges , Nils Jansen

This article provides an introductory tutorial on structural results in partially observed Markov decision processes (POMDPs). Typically, computing the optimal policy of a POMDP is computationally intractable. We use lattice program- ming…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-12-15 Vikram Krishnamurthy

We consider partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with a set of target states and every transition is associated with an integer cost. The optimization objective we study asks to minimize the expected total cost till the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-17 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Martin Chmelík , Raghav Gupta , Ayush Kanodia

In this work, we study the problem of actively classifying the attributes of dynamical systems characterized as a finite set of Markov decision process (MDP) models. We are interested in finding strategies that actively interact with the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-06 Bo Wu , Niklas Lauffer , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Suda Bharadwaj , Zhe Xu , Ufuk Topcu

In most real-world reinforcement learning applications, state information is only partially observable, which breaks the Markov decision process assumption and leads to inferior performance for algorithms that conflate observations with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Hongming Zhang , Tongzheng Ren , Chenjun Xiao , Dale Schuurmans , Bo Dai

A standard model that arises in several applications in sequential decision making is partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) where a decision-making agent interacts with an uncertain environment. A basic objective in such…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ali Asadi , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Raimundo Saona , Ali Shafiee

This paper considers the problem of finding strategies that satisfy a mixture of sure and threshold objectives in Markov decision processes. We focus on a single $\omega$-regular objective expressed as parity that must be surely met while…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Raphaël Berthon , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Tobias Winkler

We consider Markov decision processes (MDPs) with multiple limit-average (or mean-payoff) objectives. There exist two different views: (i) the expectation semantics, where the goal is to optimize the expected mean-payoff objective, and (ii)…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Zuzana Křetínská , Jan Křetínský

Markov decision processes (MDPs) are a popular model for performance analysis and optimization of stochastic systems. The parameters of stochastic behavior of MDPs are estimates from empirical observations of a system; their values are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Dimitri Scheftelowitsch , Peter Buchholz , Vahid Hashemi , Holger Hermanns