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In match race sailing, competitors must steer their boats upwind in the presence of unpredictably evolving weather. Combined with the tacking motion necessary to make upwind progress, this makes it natural to model their path-planning as a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-19 Cole Miles , Alexander Vladimirsky

Pumping airborne wind energy (AWE) systems employ a kite to convert wind energy into electricity, through a cyclic reeling motion of the tether. The problem of computing the optimal reeling speed for the sake of maximizing the average cycle…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-01 Andrea Berra , Lorenzo Fagiano

Our aim is to present a new model which encompasses pace optimization and motor control effort for a runner on a fixed distance. We see that for long races, the long term behaviour is well approximated by a turnpike problem. We provide…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-06 Amandine Aftalion , Emmanuel Trélat

A numerical model of 100 m and 200 m world class sprinting performances is modified using standard hydrodynamic principles to include effects of air temperature, pressure, and humidity levels on aerodynamic drag. The magnitude of the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. R. Mureika

A quick and fun investigation into the effects of correcting for wind assistance/resistance and drag on 100m sprint performances. Considered are World 100m rankings, as well as Canadian rankings

Popular Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 J. R. Mureika

We analyse the classical problem of the stability of bicycles when moving quickly and upright. Developing a lean causes the front wheel to turn thereby setting the bicycle instantaneously into circular motion. The centripetal force…

Classical Physics · Physics 2011-11-02 Mark Warner , Daniel Corbett

Modeling preference time in triathlons means predicting the intermediate times of particular sports disciplines by a given overall finish time in a specific triathlon course for the athlete with the known personal best result. This is a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Iztok Fister , Andres Iglesias , Suash Deb , Dušan Fister , Iztok Fister

Traffic-related pollution is becoming a major societal problem globally. Cyclists are particularly exposed to this form of pollution due to their proximity to vehicles' tailpipes. In a number of recent studies, it is been shown that…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Yingqi Gu , Mingming Liu , Matheus Souza , Robert Shorten

Both the shortest and the longest blowup time for a controlled system are considered. Existence result and maximum principle for optimal triple are established. Thanks to some monotonicity of the controlled system, some kinds of "the front…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-11-19 Hongwei Lou , Weihan Wang

Extensive research has been dedicated to optimizing the cyclist's position on the bike to enhance aerodynamic performance. This study aims to further investigate the aerobars position effect on cycling speed. Drawing from previous work…

Based on a mathematical simulation which reproduces accurate split and velocity profiles for the 100 and 200 metre sprints, the magnitudes of altitude and mixed wind/altitude-assisted performances as compared to their sea-level equivalents…

Popular Physics · Physics 2010-05-14 J. R. Mureika

In drone racing, the time-minimum trajectory is affected by the drone's capabilities, the layout of the race track, and the configurations of the gates (e.g., their shapes and sizes). However, previous studies neglect the configuration of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Chao Qin , Maxime S. J. Michet , Jingxiang Chen , Hugh H. -T. Liu

We prove that, given an average power, the ascent time is minimized if a cyclist maintains a constant ground speed regardless of the slope. Herein, minimizing the time is equivalent to maximizing -- for a given uphill -- the corresponding…

Classical Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Len Bos , Michael A. Slawinski , Raphaël A. Slawinski , Theodore Stanoev

Airborne Wind Energy is a lightweight technology that allows power extraction from the wind using airborne devices such as kites and gliders, where the airfoil orientation can be dynamically controlled in order to maximize performance. The…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-03-29 N. Orzan , C. Leone , A. Mazzolini , J. Oyero , A. Celani

In ride-hailing systems, en-route time refers to the time that elapses from the moment a car is dispatched to pick up a rider until the rider is picked up. A fundamental phenomenon in ride-hailing systems is that there is a trade-off…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-24 Anton J. Kleywegt , Hongzhang Shao

Consider the circle $C$ of length 1 and a circular arc $A$ of length $\ell\in (0,1)$. It is shown that there exists $k=k(\ell) \in \mathbb{N}$, and a schedule for $k$ runners along the circle with $k$ constant but distinct positive speeds…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-06 Adrian Dumitrescu , Csaba D. Tóth

We consider the problem of controlling a vehicle to arrive at a fixed destination while minimizing a combination of energy consumption and travel time. Our model includes vehicle speed and accelaration limits, aerodynamic drag, rolling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Nicholas Moehle

Minimum-time navigation within constrained and dynamic environments is of special relevance in robotics. Seeking time-optimality, while guaranteeing the integrity of time-varying spatial bounds, is an appealing trade-off for agile vehicles,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Jon Arrizabalaga , Markus Ryll

The optimal control problem for the kinematic bicycle model is considered where the trajectories are required to satisfy the safety constraints in the continuous-time sense. Based on the differential flatness property of the model,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Victor Freire , Xiangru Xu

In this paper, we propose the reduced model for the full dynamics of a bicycle and analyze its nonlinear behavior under a proportional control law for steering. Based on the Gibbs-Appell equations for the Whipple bicycle, we obtain a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-31 Jiaming Xiong , Bo Li , Ruihan Yu , Daolin Ma , Wei Wang , Caishan Liu