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The most general structure (in matrix form) of a single-qubit gate is presented. Subsequently, used that to obtain a set of conditions for testing (a) whether a given 2-qubit gate is genuinely a 2-qubit gate, i.e., not decomposable into two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-22 Kishore Thapliyal , Anirban Pathak

A clear protocol for synthesis of sequential reversible circuits from any particular gate library has been provided. Using that protocol, reversible circuits for SR latch, D latch, JK latch and T latch are designed from NCT gate library.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-13 Anindita Banerjee , Anirban Pathak

For years, the quantum/reversible circuit community has been convinced that: a) the addition of auxiliary qubits is instrumental in constructing a smaller quantum circuit; and, b) the introduction of quantum gates inside reversible circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-01 Dmitri Maslov , Mehdi Saeedi

Quantum computation has attracted much attention, among other things, due to its potentialities to solve classical NP problems in polynomial time. For this reason, there has been a growing interest to build a quantum computer. One of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. B. M. Sousa , R. V. Ramos

This document contains a guide on how to use the Qudit Cirq library, an extension of Google's Cirq library for qudits. While Cirq provides necessary building blocks for quantum computation on qudits, the gates, curcuits and simulation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-17 Svyatoslav Kushnarev , Hassan Jameel Asghar

Quantum compiling aims to construct a quantum circuit V by quantum gates drawn from a native gate alphabet, which is functionally equivalent to the target unitary U. It is a crucial stage for the running of quantum algorithms on noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 Zhimin He , Lvzhou Li , Shenggen Zheng , Yongyao Li , Haozhen Situ

As quantum devices scale toward practical machine learning applications, the binary qubit paradigm faces expressivity and resource efficiency limitations. Multi-level quantum systems, or qudits, offer a promising alternative by harnessing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-09 Tiago de Souza Farias , Lucas Friedrich , Jonas Maziero

Many universal reversible libraries that contain more than one gate type have been proposed in the literature. Practical implementation of reversible circuits is much easier if a single gate type is used in the circuit construction. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-07 Ahmed Younes

Within the general context of the architecture in quantum computer design, this paper aims is to provide a general strategy to obtain a block-matrix representation of quantum gates applied to qubits placed in arbitrary positions over an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-28 Giuseppe Sergioli

Uniformly controlled one-qubit gates are quantum gates which can be represented as direct sums of two-dimensional unitary operators acting on a single qubit. We present a quantum gate array which implements any n-qubit gate of this type…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ville Bergholm , Juha J. Vartiainen , Mikko Mottonen , Martti M. Salomaa

A quantum circuit is generalized to a nonunitary one whose constituents are nonunitary gates operated by quantum measurement. It is shown that a specific type of one-qubit nonunitary gates, the controlled-NOT gate, as well as all one-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-11 Hiroaki Terashima , Masahito Ueda

Construction of explicit quantum circuits follows the notion of the "standard circuit model" introduced in the solid and profound analysis of elementary gates providing quantum computation. Nevertheless the model is not always optimal (e.g.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Ch. Chatzisavvas , C. Daskaloyannis , C. P. Panos

Rapid development of quantum computing technology has led to a wide variety of sophisticated quantum devices. Benchmarking these systems becomes crucial for understanding their capabilities and paving the way for future advancements. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Rafał Bistroń , Marcin Rudziński , Ryszard Kukulski , Karol Życzkowski

Most quantum computing architectures to date natively support multi-valued logic, albeit being typically operated in a binary fashion. Multi-valued, or qudit, quantum processors have access to much richer forms of quantum entanglement,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Kevin Mato , Martin Ringbauer , Stefan Hillmich , Robert Wille

The current generation of quantum computing technologies call for quantum algorithms that require a limited number of qubits and quantum gates, and which are robust against errors. A suitable design approach are variational circuits where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-10 Maria Schuld , Alex Bocharov , Krysta Svore , Nathan Wiebe

We present a scalable set of universal gates and multiply controlled gates in a qudit basis through a bijective mapping from N qubits to qudits with D = 2^N levels via rotations in U(2). For each of the universal gates (H, CNOT, and T), as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-16 Pamela Rambow , Mingzhen Tian

Continuous variable (CV) quantum computation offers an alternative to qubit-based computing by exploiting the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space of bosonic modes. Despite recent progress, superconducting platforms have yet to demonstrate a…

This paper presents a highly efficient decomposition scheme and its associated Mathematica notebook for the analysis of complicated quantum circuits comprised of single/multiple qubit and qudit quantum gates. In particular, this scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 T. Loke , J. B. Wang

While thousands of experimental physicists and chemists are currently trying to build scalable quantum computers, it appears that simulation of quantum computation will be at least as critical as circuit simulation in classical VLSI design.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 George F. Viamontes , Manoj Rajagopalan , Igor L. Markov , John P. Hayes

After publishing my book "Quantum Computing Architecture and Hardware for Engineers: Step by Step" [1] (now I call it Volume I), in which spin qubit and superconducting qubit quantum computers were covered, I decided to continue to write…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Hiu Yung Wong
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