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Star clusters are observed to form in a highly compact state and with low star-formation efficiencies. If the residual gas is expelled on a dynamical time the clusters disrupt thereby (i) feeding a hot kinematical stellar component into…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pavel Kroupa

State-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation have reached the point at which their outcomes result in galaxies with ever more realism. Still, the employed sub-grid models include several free parameters such…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-04-17 Tobias Buck , Aaron A. Dutton , Andrea V. Macciò

Two main models coexist for the environment in which stars form. The clustered model stipulates that the bulk of star formation occurs within dense embedded clusters, but only a minority of them survive the residual gas expulsion phase…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-19 Alexis L. Quintana , Emily L. Hunt , Hanna Parul

Here we present a simple, but nevertheless, instructive model for the star formation efficiency in turbulent molecular clouds. The model is based on the assumption of log-normal density distribution which reflects the turbulent nature of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-09-29 Robi Banerjee

We present a new method to obtain more realistic initial conditions for N-body simulations of young star clusters. We start from the outputs of hydrodynamical simulations of molecular cloud collapse, in which star formation is modelled with…

The kinematics of newly-formed star clusters are interesting both as a probe of the state of the gas clouds from which the stars form, and because they influence planet formation, stellar mass segregation, cluster disruption, and other…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 S. S. R. Offner , C. E. Hansen , M. R. Krumholz

Using hydrodynamic simulations we investigate the time evolution and fragmentation of regions within molecular clouds which have lost their turbulent support leading to gravitational contraction. The initial density distributions are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ralf Klessen , Andreas Burkert

The current generation of galaxy simulations can resolve individual giant molecular clouds, the progenitors of dense star clusters. But the evolutionary fate of these young massive clusters, and whether they can become the old globular…

The formation of the massive young stars surrounding SgrA* is still an open question. In this paper, we simulate the infall of a turbulent molecular cloud towards the Galactic Center (GC). We adopt two different cloud masses (4.3x10^4 and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-04 M. Mapelli , T. Hayfield , L. Mayer , J. Wadsley

Infrared shells and bubbles are ubiquitous in the Galaxy and can generally be associated with HII regions formed around young, massive stars. In this paper, we use high-resolution 3D SPH simulations to explore the effect of a single O7 star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 S. Walch , A. P. Whitworth , T. G. Bisbas , R. Wunsch , D. A. Hubber

We study the physical drivers of slow molecular cloud mergers within a simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy in the moving-mesh code Arepo, and determine the influence of these mergers on the mass distribution and star formation efficiency…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-04 Maya S. Skarbinski , Sarah M. R. Jeffreson , Alyssa A. Goodman

We model the formation of high-mass stars, specifying the accretion rate in terms of the instantaneous and final mass of the star, the ambient pressure of the star-forming region and the form of polytropic pressure support of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jonathan C. Tan , Christopher F. McKee

We performed 3-dimensional N-body/SPH simulations to study how mass resolution and other model parameters such as the star formation efficiency parameter, C* and the threshold density, nth affect structures of the galactic gaseous/stellar…

We have simulated star formation in prestellar cores, using SPH and initial conditions informed by observations of the cores in Ophiuchus. Because the observations are limited to two spatial dimensions plus radial velocity, we cannot infer…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-05 O. Lomax , A. P. Whitworth , D. A. Hubber , D. Stamatellos , S. Walch

We use the Arepo moving mesh code to simulate the evolution of molecular clouds exposed to a harsh environment similar to that found in the galactic center (GC), in an effort to understand why the star formation efficiency (SFE) of clouds…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-21 Erik Bertram , Simon C. O. Glover , Paul C. Clark , Ralf S. Klessen

Stellar collisions can occur frequently in dense cluster environments, and play a crucial role in producing exotic phenomena from blue stragglers in globular clusters to high-energy transients in galactic nuclei. Successive collisions and…

(Abridged) The dynamical ejection of stars from star clusters affects the shape of the stellar mass function (MF) in these clusters, because the escape probability of a star depends on its mass. The objective of this paper is to provide and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 J. M. Diederik Kruijssen

We measure new estimates for the galaxy stellar mass function and star formation rates for samples of galaxies at $z \sim 4,~5,~6~\&~7$ using data in the CANDELS GOODS South field. The deep near-infrared observations allow us to construct…

We introduce a new set of zoom-in cosmological simulations with sub-pc resolution, intended to model extremely faint, highly magnified star-forming stellar clumps, detected at z=6.14 thanks to gravitational lensing. The simulations include…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-14 F. Calura , A. Lupi , J. Rosdahl , E. Vanzella , M. Meneghetti , P. Rosati , E. Vesperini , E. Lacchin , R. Pascale , R. Gilli

We report on a very large set of simulations of collisions between two main sequence (MS) stars. These computations were done with the ``Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics'' method. Realistic stellar structure models for evolved MS stars were…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marc Freitag , Willy Benz