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Stellar tidal streams are sensitive tracers of the properties of the gravitational potential in which they orbit and detailed observations of their density structure can be used to place stringent constraints on fluctuations in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-07 Nilanjan Banik , Jo Bovy

A noise-based non-parametric technique for detecting nebulous objects, for example, irregular or clumpy galaxies, and their structure in noise is introduced. "Noise-based" and "non-parametric" imply that this technique imposes negligible…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-08 Mohammad Akhlaghi , Takashi Ichikawa

Gravitational lensing is a universal phenomenon: it affects both gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic signals travelling through the gravitational field of a massive object. In this work, we explore the prospects of observing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-24 Shashwat Singh , Guilherme Brando , Stefano Savastano , Miguel Zumalacárregui

Strong gravitational lensing provides a powerful test of Cold Dark Matter (CDM) as it enables the detection and mass measurement of low mass haloes even if they do not contain baryons. Compact lensed sources such as Active Galactic Nuclei…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 A. M. Nierenberg , T. Treu , G. Brammer , A. H. G. Peter , C. D. Fassnacht , C. R. Keeton , C. S. Kochanek , K. B. Schmidt , D. Sluse , S. A. Wright

Images from the next generation of telescopes will enable strikingly detailed reconstruction of the dark matter distributions in galaxy cluster cores using strong gravitational lensing analysis. This will provide a key test of Lambda-CDM…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-23 Dan Coe

Strong gravitational lensing is a promising probe of the substructure of dark matter halos. Deep learning methods have the potential to accurately identify images containing substructure, and differentiate WIMP dark matter from other well…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-09 Stephon Alexander , Sergei Gleyzer , Evan McDonough , Michael W. Toomey , Emanuele Usai

Lensing flux-ratio anomalies have been frequently observed and taken as evidence for the presence of abundant dark matter substructures in lensing galaxies, as predicted by the cold dark matter (CDM) model of cosmogony. In previous work, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 D. D. Xu , S. Mao , A. Cooper , J. Wang , L. Gao , C. S. Frenk , V. Springel

Gravitational lensing of the microwave background by the intervening dark matter mainly arises from large-angle fluctuations in the projected gravitational potential and hence offers a unique opportunity to study the physics of the dark…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Takemi Okamoto , Wayne Hu

So far, estimators of galaxy shape distortions are only carefully studied perturbatively in the case of small shear signals, mainly for weak lensing science. However, in the neighborhood of massive foreground clusters, a large number of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-08 Jiarui Sun , Jun Zhang , Li Cui , Alessandro Sonnenfeld , Xin Wang

The weak gravitational lensing of high redshift type Ia supernovae has the potential of probing the structure of matter on galaxy halo scales. This is complementary to the weak lensing of galaxies which probes structure of larger scales.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Benton Metcalf

Weak gravitational lensing is the slight distortion of galaxy shapes caused primarily by the gravitational effects of dark matter in the universe. In our work, we seek to invert the weak lensing signal from 2D telescope images to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-22 Brandon Zhao , Aviad Levis , Liam Connor , Pratul P. Srinivasan , Katherine L. Bouman

We present an algorithm which is designed to allow the efficient identification and preliminary dynamical analysis of thousands of structures and substructures in large N-body simulations. First we utilise a refined density gradient system…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jochen Weller , Jeremiah P Ostriker , Paul Bode , Laurie Shaw

We investigate how observations of strong lensing can be used to infer cosmological parameters, in particular the equation of state of dark energy. We focus on the growth of the critical lines of lensing clusters with the source redshift as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-03 Britta Zieser , Matthias Bartelmann

Upcoming surveys will measure the cosmic microwave background (CMB) weak lensing power spectrum in exquisite detail, allowing for strong constraints on the sum of neutrino masses among other cosmological parameters. Standard CMB lensing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-23 Delon Shen , Emmanuel Schaan , Simone Ferraro

Strong gravitational lensing has emerged as a promising approach for probing dark matter models on sub-galactic scales. Recent work has proposed the subhalo effective density slope as a more reliable observable than the commonly used…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-08 Gemma Zhang , Siddharth Mishra-Sharma , Cora Dvorkin

Recently, Meneghetti et al. reported an excess of small-scale gravitational lenses in galaxy clusters. We study its implications for self-interacting dark matter (SIDM), compared with standard cold dark matter (CDM). We design controlled…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-02 Daneng Yang , Hai-Bo Yu

A fundamental prediction of the cold dark matter cosmology is the existence of a large number of dark subhalos around galaxies, most of which should be entirely devoid of stars. Confirming the existence of dark substructures stands among…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-01 Andrew S. Graus , James S. Bullock , Michael Boylan-Kolchin , Anna M. Nierenberg

Strongly gravitational lensing systems (SGL) encodes cosmology information in source/lens distance ratios $\mathcal{D}_{\rm obs}=\mathcal{D}_{\rm ls}/\mathcal{D}_{\rm s}$, which can be used to precisely constrain cosmological parameters. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-05 Tonghua Liu , Shuo Cao , Jia Zhang , Shuaibo Geng , Yuting Liu , Xuan Ji , Zong-Hong Zhu

Doppler lensing, a relativistic effect resulting from the peculiar velocities of galaxies along the line of sight, provides insight into the large-scale structure of the Universe. Relativistic simulations are essential for modeling Doppler…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-23 Mubtasim Fuad , Sonia Akter Ema , Md Rasel Hossen

Recently, Holz and Wald (1998) have presented a method for determining gravitational lensing effects in inhomogeneous universes. Their use of realistic galaxy models has been limited to the singular, truncated isothermal sphere with a fixed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Goliath , E. Moertsell