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We consider weighted small step walks in the positive quadrant, and provide algebraicity and differential transcendence results for the underlying generating functions: we prove that depending on the probabilities of allowed steps, certain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-25 Thomas Dreyfus , Kilian Raschel

We consider walks on the edges of the square lattice $\mathbb Z^2$ which obey \emph{two-step rules,} which allow (or forbid) steps in a given direction to be followed by steps in another direction. We classify these rules according to a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-15 Nicholas R. Beaton

In the 1970s, Tutte developed a clever algebraic approach, based on certain "invariants" , to solve a functional equation that arises in the enumeration of properly colored triangulations. The enumeration of plane lattice walks confined to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-11 O Bernardi , M Bousquet-Mélou , Kilian Raschel

We provide a new derivation of the well-known generating function counting the number of walks on a regular tree that start and end at the same vertex, and more generally, a generating function for the number of walks that end at a vertex a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-03-12 Eric Rowland , Doron Zeilberger

We investigate a functional equation which resembles the functional equation for the generating function of a lattice walk model for the quarter plane. The interesting feature of this equation is that its orbit sum is zero while its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-30 Manfred Buchacher , Manuel Kauers , Amelie Trotignon

We provide a new strategy to compute the exponential growth constant of enumeration sequences counting walks in lattice path models restricted to the quarter plane. The bounds arise by comparison with half-planes models. In many cases the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-22 Samuel Johnson , Marni Mishna , Karen Yeats

For any integers $k\geq 2$, $q\geq 1$ and any finite set $\mathcal{A}=\{{\boldsymbol{\alpha}}_1,\cdots,{\boldsymbol{\alpha}}_q\}$, where ${ \boldsymbol{\alpha}_t}=(\alpha_{t,1},\cdots,\alpha_{t,k})~(1\leq t\leq q)$ with…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-17 Kui Liu , Meijie Lu , Xianchang Meng

We consider the generating function of the algebraic area of lattice walks, evaluated at a root of unity, and its relation to the Hofstadter model. In particular, we obtain an expression for the generating function of the n-th moments of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 Stephane Ouvry , Stephan Wagner , Shuang Wu

On an $r\times (n-r)$ lattice rectangle, we first consider walks that begin at the SW corner, proceed with unit steps in either of the directions E or N, and terminate at the NE corner of the rectangle. For each integer $k$ we ask for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Ira Gessel , Wayne Goddard , Walter Shur , Herbert S. Wilf , Lily Yen

We study planar walks that start from a given point (i\_0, j\_0), take their steps in a finite set S, and are confined in the first quadrant of the plane. Their enumeration can be attacked in a systematic way: the generating function Q(x,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-22 Mireille Bousquet-Melou

We show that the series of all walks between any two vertices of any (possibly weighted) directed graph $\mathcal{G}$ is given by a universal continued fraction of finite depth and breadth involving the simple paths and simple cycles of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-01-12 P. -L. Giscard , S. J. Thwaite , D. Jaksch

Consider a single walker on the slit plane, that is, the square grid Z^2 without its negative x-axis, who starts at the origin and takes his steps from a given set S. Mireille Bousquet-Melou conjectured that -- excluding pathological cases…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Martin Rubey

Beaton, Owczarek and Xu (2019) studied generating functions of Kreweras walks and of reverse Kreweras walks in the quarter plane, with interacting boundaries. They proved that for the reverse Kreweras step set, the generating function is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-23 Alin Bostan , Manuel Kauers , Thibaut Verron

In the present paper, we use difference Galois theory to study the nature of the generating function counting walks with small steps in the quarter plane. These series are trivariate formal power series $Q(x,y,t)$ that count the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-22 Thomas Dreyfus , Charlotte Hardouin

In the 1970s, William Tutte developed a clever algebraic approach, based on certain "invariants", to solve a functional equation that arises in the enumeration of properly colored triangulations. The enumeration of plane lattice walks…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Olivier Bernardi , Mireille Bousquet-Mélou , Kilian Raschel

We present two classes of random walks restricted to the quarter plane whose generating function is not holonomic. The non-holonomy is established using the iterated kernel method, a recent variant of the kernel method. This adds evidence…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-10 Marni Mishna , Andrew Rechnitzer

Many recent papers deal with the enumeration of 2-dimensional walks with prescribed steps confined to the positive quadrant. The classification is now complete for walks with steps in $\{0, \pm 1\}^2$: the generating function is D-finite if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Alin Bostan , Mireille Bousquet-Mélou , Manuel Kauers , Stephen Melczer

The set of random walks with different step sets (of short steps) in the quarter plane has provided a rich set of models that have profoundly different integrability properties. In particular, 23 of the 79 effectively different models can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-15 Nicholas R Beaton , Aleksander L Owczarek , Andrew Rechnitzer

In the field of enumeration of weighted walks confined to the quarter plane, it is known that the generating functions behave very differently depending on the chosen step set; in practice, the techniques used in the literature depend on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-20 Thomas Dreyfus , Andrew Elvey Price , Kilian Raschel

A self-avoiding walk (SAW) on the square lattice is prudent if it never takes a step towards a vertex it has already visited. Prudent walks differ from most classes of SAW that have been counted so far in that they can wind around their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Mireille Bousquet-Mélou