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A de Bruijn array code is a set of $r \times s$ binary doubly-periodic arrays such that each binary $n \times m$ matrix is contained exactly once as a window in one of the arrays. Such a set of arrays can be viewed as a two-dimensional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Tuvi Etzion

De novo DNA assembly is a fundamental task in Bioinformatics, and finding Eulerian paths on de Bruijn graphs is one of the dominant approaches to it. In most of the cases, there may be no one order for the de Bruijn graph that works well…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Diego Díaz-Domínguez , Djamal Belazzougui , Travis Gagie , Veli Mäkinen , Gonzalo Navarro , Simon J. Puglisi

We propose a construction of de Bruijn sequences by the cycle joining method from linear feedback shift registers (LFSRs) with arbitrary characteristic polynomial $f(x)$. We study in detail the cycle structure of the set $\Omega(f(x))$ that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Zuling Chang , Martianus Frederic Ezerman , San Ling , Huaxiong Wang

We generalize the notion of a de Bruijn sequence to a "multi de Bruijn sequence": a cyclic or linear sequence that contains every k-mer over an alphabet of size q exactly m times. For example, over the binary alphabet {0,1}, the cyclic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-15 Glenn Tesler

This paper presents a method to find new De Bruijn cycles based on ones of lesser order. This is done by mapping a De Bruijn cycle to several vertex disjoint cycles in a De Bruijn digraph of higher order and connecting these cycles into one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-12-23 Abbas Alhakim , Mufutau Akinwande

We introduce two-dimensional toroidal arrays that are a variant of the de Bruijn tori. We call them nested perfect toroidal arrays. Instead of asking that every array of a given size has exactly one occurrence, we partition the positions in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Verónica Becher , Olivier Carton

Every binary De~Bruijn sequence of order n satisfies a recursion 0=x_n+x_0+g(x_{n-1}, ..., x_1). Given a function f on (n-1) bits, let N(f; r) be the number of functions generating a De Bruijn sequence of order n which are obtained by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-23 Don Coppersmith , Robert C. Rhoades , Jeffrey M. VanderKam

An $(m,n,R)$-de Bruijn covering array (dBCA) is a doubly periodic $M \times N$ array over an alphabet of size $q$ such that the set of all its $m \times n$ windows form a covering code with radius $R$. An upper bound of the smallest array…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Yeow Meng Chee , Tuvi Etzion , Hoang Ta , Van Khu Vu

A de Bruijn covering code is a q-ary string S so that every q-ary string is at most R symbol changes from some n-word appearing consecutively in S. We introduce these codes and prove that they can have length close to the smallest possible…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-07-16 Fan Chung , Joshua N. Cooper

We present sufficient conditions for when an ordering of universal cycles $\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \ldots, \alpha_m$ for disjoint sets $\mathbf{S}_1, \mathbf{S}_2, \ldots , \mathbf{S}_m$ can be concatenated together to obtain a universal cycle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Daniel Gabric , Joe Sawada

A de Bruijn sequence of order n over a k-symbol alphabet is a circular sequence where each length-n sequence occurs exactly once. We present a way of extending de Bruijn sequences by adding a new symbol to the alphabet: the extension is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Verónica Becher , Lucas Cortés

We construct feedback functions of Nonlinear Feedback Shift Registers from those of Linear Feedback Shift Registers using the cross-join pairs method and the Zech logarithms in finite fields. We present a hypothetical algorithm to generate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-03 Janusz Szmidt

The focus of this work is to show how to combine Zech's logarithms and each of the cycle joining and cross-join pairing methods to construct binary de Bruijn sequences of any order. A basic implementation is supplied as a proof-of-concept.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Zuling Chang , Martianus Frederic Ezerman , Adamas Aqsa Fahreza , San Ling , Janusz Szmidt , Huaxiong Wang

Let $\widetilde{\alpha}$ be a length-$L$ cyclic sequence of characters from a size-$K$ alphabet $\mathcal{A}$ such that the number of occurrences of any length-$m$ string on $\mathcal{A}$ as a substring of $\widetilde{\alpha}$ is $\lfloor L…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-24 Abhinav Nellore , Rachel Ward

We construct via usual graph theory a class of associative dialgebras as well as a class of coassociative L-coalgebras. Tiling of the (n^2,1)-De bruijn graphs are also obtained and constructions of cubical trialgebras, (notion defined by…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Philippe Leroux

An M-sequence generated by a primitive polynomial has many interesting and desirable properties. A pseudo-random array is the two-dimensional generalization of an M-sequence. There are non-primitive polynomials all of whose non-zero…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Simon Blackburn , Yeow Meng Chee , Tuvi Etzion , Huimin Lao

A binary modified de Bruijn sequence is an infinite and periodic binary sequence derived by removing a zero from the longest run of zeros in a binary de Bruijn sequence. The minimal polynomial of the modified sequence is its unique…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Musthofa , Indah Emilia Wijayanti , Diah Junia Eksi Palupi , Martianus Frederic Ezerman

A de Bruijn torus is the two dimensional generalization of a de Bruijn sequence. While some methods exist to generate these tori, only a few methods of construction are known. We present a novel method to generate de Bruijn tori with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-11 Matthew Kreitzer , Mihai Nica , Rajesh Pereira

De Bruijn tori, or perfect maps, are two-dimensional periodic arrays of letters from a finite alphabet, where each possible pattern of shape (m,n) appears exactly once in a single period. While the existence of certain de Bruijn tori, such…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Peer Stelldinger

Pseudo-random arrays and perfect maps are the two-dimensional analogs of M-sequences and de Bruijn sequences, respectively. We modify the definitions to be applied to codes. These codes are also the two-dimensional analogs of certain…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Tuvi Etzion
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