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We consider a special case of the generalized minimum spanning tree problem (GMST) and the generalized travelling salesman problem (GTSP) where we are given a set of points inside the integer grid (in Euclidean plane) where each grid cell…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-07-17 Binay Bhattacharya , Ante Ćustić , Akbar Rafiey , Arash Rafiey , Vladyslav Sokol

We introduce and study a novel problem of computing a shortest path tree with a minimum number of non-terminals. It can be viewed as an (unweighted) Steiner Shortest Path Tree (SSPT) that spans a given set of terminal vertices by shortest…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Omer Asher , Yefim Dinitz , Shlomi Dolev , Li-on Raviv , Baruch Schieber

Some biological experiments show that the tubular structures of Physarum polycephalum are often analogous to those of Steiner trees. Therefore, the emerging Physarum-inspired Algorithms (PAs) have the potential of computing Steiner trees.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Yahui Sun

An exact algorithm is presented for solving edge weighted graph partitioning problems. The algorithm is based on a branch and bound method applied to a continuous quadratic programming formulation of the problem. Lower bounds are obtained…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-12-10 William Hager , Dzung Phan , Hongchao Zhang

Bayesian inference problems require sampling or approximating high-dimensional probability distributions. The focus of this paper is on the recently introduced Stein variational gradient descent methodology, a class of algorithms that rely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-14 A. Duncan , N. Nuesken , L. Szpruch

We study the parameterized complexity of the directed variant of the classical {\sc Steiner Tree} problem on various classes of directed sparse graphs. While the parameterized complexity of {\sc Steiner Tree} parameterized by the number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-10-02 Mark Jones , Daniel Lokshtanov , M. S. Ramanujan , Saket Saurabh , Ondřej Suchý

This paper summarizes the work on implementing few solutions for the Steiner Tree problem which we undertook in the PAAL project. The main focus of the project is the development of generic implementations of approximation algorithms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-10-29 Krzysztof Ciebiera , Piotr Godlewski , Piotr Sankowski , Piotr Wygocki

The Steiner Tree Problem (STP) is a well-known NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem, which has wide applications in network design, integrated circuit layout, bioinformatics, and other fields. However, traditional algorithms often…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Dan Li , Xiang-Hui Wu , Ji-Rong Liu

Considering a graph with unknown weights, can we find the shortest path for a pair of nodes if we know the minimal Steiner trees associated with some subset of nodes? That is, with respect to a fixed latent decision-making system (e.g., a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Guangmo Tong , Peng Zhao , Mina Samizadeh

Prize-Collecting TSP is a variant of the traveling salesperson problem where one may drop vertices from the tour at the cost of vertex-dependent penalties. The quality of a solution is then measured by adding the length of the tour and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jannis Blauth , Nathan Klein , Martin Nägele

We present an approximation algorithm for the Prize-collecting Ordered Traveling Salesman Problem (PCOTSP), which simultaneously generalizes the Prize-collecting TSP and the Ordered TSP. The Prize-collecting TSP is well-studied and has a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Morteza Alimi , Tobias Mömke , Michael Ruderer

For a given graph $G=(V,\, E)$ with a terminal set $S$ and a selected root $r\in S$, a positive integer cost and a delay on every edge and a delay constraint $D\in Z^{+}$, the shallow-light Steiner tree (\emph{SLST}) problem is to compute a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-04 Longkun Guo , Kewen Liao

This paper describes the shortest path problem in weighted graphs and examines the differences in efficiency that occur when using Dijkstra's algorithm with a Fibonacci heap, binary heap, and self-balancing binary tree. Using C++…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Rhyd Lewis

Along with the development of manufacture and services, the problem of distribution network optimization has been growing in importance, thus receiving much attention from the research community. One of the most recently introduced network…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Huynh Thi Thanh Binh , Pham Dinh Thanh , Ta Bao Thang

We study the multi-level Steiner tree problem: a generalization of the Steiner tree problem in graphs where terminals $T$ require varying priority, level, or quality of service. In this problem, we seek to find a minimum cost tree…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Reyan Ahmed , Faryad Darabi Sahneh , Keaton Hamm , Stephen Kobourov , Richard Spence

In the Continuous Steiner Tree problem (CST), we are given as input a set of points (called terminals) in a metric space and ask for the minimum-cost tree connecting them. Additional points (called Steiner points) from the metric space can…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Henry Fleischmann , Surya Teja Gavva , Karthik C. S

Using the theory of negative association for measures and the notion of random weak limits of sparse graphs, we establish the validity of the cavity method for counting spanning subgraphs subject to local constraints in asymptotically…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-03-21 Justin Salez

Methods for solving PDEs using neural networks have recently become a very important topic. We provide an a priori error analysis for such methods which is based on the $\mathcal{K}_1(\mathbb{D})$-norm of the solution. We show that the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-15 Qingguo Hong , Jonathan W. Siegel , Jinchao Xu

Given a connected, undirected graph whose edges are labelled (or coloured), the minimum labelling spanning tree (MLST) problem seeks a spanning tree whose edges have the smallest number of distinct labels (or colours). In recent work, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-03-05 Sergio Consoli , Nenad Mladenovic , Jose Andres Moreno-Perez

We consider a high-dimensional random constrained optimization problem in which a set of binary variables is subjected to a linear system of equations. The cost function is a simple linear cost, measuring the Hamming distance with respect…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-11-23 Alfredo Braunstein , Louise Budzynski , Stefano Crotti , Federico Ricci-Tersenghi