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We present a novel sampling-based method for estimating probabilities of rare or failure events. Our approach is founded on the Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) for inverse problems. Therefore, we reformulate the rare event problem as an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-15 Fabian Wagner , Iason Papaioannou , Elisabeth Ullmann

This paper investigates the controllability of finite-dimensional linear fractional systems involving an uncertain parameter. We establish new results on the simultaneous and average controllability. In particular, we show that average…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Idriss Boutaayamou , Fouad Et-Tahri , Lahcen Maniar

We propose a new robust filtering paradigm considering the situation in which model uncertainty, described through an ambiguity set, is present only in the observations. We derive the corresponding robust estimator, referred to as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Shenglun Yi , Mattia Zorzi

Contemporary data assimilation often involves millions of prediction variables. The classical Kalman filter is no longer computationally feasible in such a high dimensional context. This problem can often be resolved by exploiting the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-30 Andrew J. Majda , Xin T. Tong

Data assimilation combines dynamical models with observations to improve state estimates. Ensemble filters sequentially assimilate observations by updating a set of samples over time, alternating between a forecast and an analysis step.…

Computation · Statistics 2026-05-26 Mathieu Le Provost , Jan Glaubitz , Youssef Marzouk

We develop a fast algorithm for Kalman Filter applied to the random walk forecast model. The key idea is an efficient representation of the estimate covariance matrix at each time-step as a weighted sum of two contributions - the process…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Arvind K. Saibaba , Eric Miller , Peter K. Kitanidis

The possible methodologies to handle the uncertain parameter are reviewed. The core idea of the desensitized Kalman filter is introduced. A new cost function consisting of a posterior covariance trace and trace of a weighted norm of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-21 Taishan Lou

Estimating parameters of a diffusion process given continuous-time observations of the process via maximum likelihood approaches or, online, via stochastic gradient descent or Kalman filter formulations constitutes a well-established…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-17 Jan Albrecht , Sebastian Reich

In this paper we address the problem of estimating the posterior distribution of the static parameters of a continuous time state space model with discrete time observations by an algorithm that combines the Kalman filter and a particle…

Computation · Statistics 2019-05-22 Jian He , Asma Khedher , Peter Spreij

The iterative ensemble Kalman filter (IEnKF) is widely used in inverse problems to estimate system parameters from limited observations. However, the IEnKF, when applied to nonlinear systems, can be plagued by poor convergence. Here we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-11 Jiacheng Wu , Jian-Xun Wang , Shawn C. Shadden

We consider the problem of estimating the means $\mu_i$ of $n$ random variables $Y_i \sim N(\mu_i,1)$, $i=1,\ldots ,n$. Assuming some structure on the $\mu$ process, e.g., a state space model, one may use a summary statistics for the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-05 E. Greenshtein , A. Mansura , Y. Ritov

Kalman filter is a key tool for time-series forecasting and analysis. We show that the dependence of a prediction of Kalman filter on the past is decaying exponentially, whenever the process noise is non-degenerate. Therefore, Kalman filter…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-24 Mark Kozdoba , Jakub Marecek , Tigran Tchrakian , Shie Mannor

Optimal decision-making under partial observability requires reasoning about the uncertainty of the environment's hidden state. However, most reinforcement learning architectures handle partial observability with sequence models that have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Carlos E. Luis , Alessandro G. Bottero , Julia Vinogradska , Felix Berkenkamp , Jan Peters

State estimation is a fundamental problem in control and signal processing, for which the Kalman Filter provides an optimal solution under linear dynamics, Gaussian noise, and known noise covariances. However, these assumptions often fail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Vasileios Saketos , Ming Xiao

Estimating lifetime probabilities of default (PDs) under IFRS~9 and CECL requires projecting point--in--time transition matrices over multiple years. A persistent weakness is that macroeconomic forecast errors compound across horizons,…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-23 Vahab Rostampour

State estimation in stochastic dynamical systems with noisy measurements is a challenge. While the Kalman filter is optimal for linear systems with independent Gaussian white noise, real-world conditions often deviate from these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-12 Hassan Mortada , Cyril Falcon , Yanis Kahil , Mathéo Clavaud , Jean-Philippe Michel

A Kalman filter can be used to determine material parameters using uncertain experimental data. However, starting with inappropriate initial values for material parameters might include false local attractors or even divergence. Also,…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-02-13 Abdallah Shokry , Per Ståhle

Despite the widespread usage of discrete generation Ensemble Kalman particle filtering methodology to solve nonlinear and high dimensional filtering and inverse problems, little is known about their mathematical foundations. As genetic-type…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-06 Pierre del Moral , Emma Horton

Nonlinear filtering problems are encountered in many applications, and one solution approach is the extended Kalman filter, which is not always convergent. Therefore, it is crucial to identify conditions under which the extended Kalman…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Ibrahim Mbouandi Njiasse , Florent Ouabo Kamkumo , Ralf Wunderlich

Both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems regularly appear in recursive tracking problems engineers currently address -- however, constraints are rarely exploited for these applications. We define the Kalman Filter and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-09-19 Nachi Gupta , Raphael Hauser