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The measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) can be immune to all detector side-channel attacks. Moreover, it can be easily implemented combining with the matured decoy-state methods under current technology. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Yi-Peng Chen , Jing-Yang Liu , Mingshuo Sun , Xing-Xu Zhou , Chun-Hui Zhang , Jian Li , Qin Wang

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) with weak coherent sources has been widely and meticulously analyzed. However, the analysis for MDI-QKD with spontaneous parametric-down-conversion sources (SPDCS) is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-10 Chun Zhou , Wan-Su Bao , Wei Chen , Hong-Wei Li , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Yang Wang , Zheng-Fu Han

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is the only theoretically proven method for secure key distribution between two users. In this work, we propose and analyze a Measurement Device Independent (MDI) protocol designed to distribute keys among…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 N. Stefanakos , G. Maragkopoulos , A. Mandilara , D. Syvridis

We present a general theorem for the efficient verification of the lower bound of single-photon transmittance. We show how to do decoy-state quantum key distribution efficiently with large random errors in the intensity control. In our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 X. B. Wang

We show how to calculate the secure final key rate in the four-intensity decoy-state MDI-QKD protocol with both source errors and statistical fluctuations with a certain failure probability. Our results rely only on the range of only a few…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Cong Jiang , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

In this paper, a new decoy-state scheme for quantum key distribution with parametric down-conversion source is proposed. We use both three-intensity decoy states and their triggered and nontriggered components to estimate the fraction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Qin Wang , Xiang-Bin Wang , Gunnar Bjork , Anders Karlsson

Decoy state method could effectively enhance the performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) with practical phase randomized weak coherent source. Although active modulation of the source intensity is effective and has been implemented in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-30 Shi-Hai Sun , Guang-Zhao Tang , Chun-Yan Li , Lin-Mei Liang

Passive decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, proven to be more desirable than active ones in some scenarios, also have the problem of device imperfections like intensity fluctuations. In this paper the formular of key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Yuan Li , Wan-su Bao , Hong-wei Li , Chun Zhou , Yang Wang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide unconditional secure communication between two distant parties. Although the significance of QKD is undisputed, its feasibility has been questioned because of certain limitations in the practical…

We present formulas to tightly upper bound the phase-flip errors in decoy state method by using 4 intensities. Our result compressed the bound to about a quarter of known result for MDI-QKD. Based on this, we find that the key rate is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-23 Y. H. Zhou , Z. W. Yu , X. B. Wang

The measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol is proposed to remove the detector side channel attacks, while its security relies on the assumption that the encoding systems are perfectly characterized. In…

The performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) is severely limited by multiphoton emissions, due to the photon-number-splitting attack. The most efficient solution, the decoy-state method, requires that the phases of all transmitted…

We propose a method named as double-scanning method, to improve the key rate of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) drastically. In the method, two parameters are scanned simultaneously to tightly estimate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-20 Cong Jiang , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiao-Long Hu , Xiang-Bin Wang

Throughout history, every advance in encryption has been defeated by advances in hacking with severe consequences. Quantum cryptography holds the promise to end this battle by offering unconditional security when ideal single-photon sources…

The decoy-state method is a prominent approach to enhance the performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems that operate with weak coherent laser sources. Due to the limited transmissivity of single photons in optical fiber, current…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Daniil Trefilov , Xoel Sixto , Víctor Zapatero , Anqi Huang , Marcos Curty , Vadim Makarov

In practical quantum key distribution (QKD), weak coherent states as the photon sources have a limit in secure key rate and transmission distance because of the existence of multiphoton pulses and heavy loss in transmission line. Decoy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jing-Bo Li , Xi-Ming Fang

Reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (RFI-MDI-QKD) is a novel protocol which eliminates all possible attacks on detector side and necessity of reference-frame alignment in source sides.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Feng-Yu Lu , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan , Rong Wang , Hang Liu , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , De-Yong He

Decoy-state methods [1-3] are essential to perform quantum key distribution (QKD) at large distances in the absence of single photon sources. However, the standard techniques apply only if laser pulses are used that are independent and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Shlok Nahar , Twesh Upadhyaya , Norbert Lütkenhaus

In this paper, a photon-number-resolving decoy state quantum key distribution scheme is presented based on recent experimental advancements. A new upper bound on the fraction of counts caused by multiphoton pulses is given. This upper bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Qing-yu Cai , Yong-gang Tan

In quantum key distribution, measurement-device-independent and decoy-state techniques enable the two cooperative agents to establish a shared secret key using imperfect measurement devices and weak Poissonian sources, respectively.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-22 H. F. Chau