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We propose a methodology for intercomparing climate models and evaluating their performance against benchmarks based on the use of the Wasserstein distance (WD). This distance provides a rigorous way to measure quantitatively the difference…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Gabriele Vissio , Valerio Lembo , Valerio Lucarini , Michael Ghil

We show that the Potts model on a graph can be approximated by a sequence of independent and identically distributed spins in terms of Wasserstein distance at high temperatures. We prove a similar result for the Curie--Weiss--Potts model on…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Roxanne He , Jackie Lok

The aim of the present paper is to bridge the gap between the Bakry-\'{E}mery and the Lott-Sturm-Villani approaches to provide synthetic and abstract notions of lower Ricci curvature bounds. We start from a strongly local Dirichlet form…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-01-19 Luigi Ambrosio , Nicola Gigli , Giuseppe Savaré

Using the curvature-dimension inequality proved in Part~I, we look at consequences of this inequality in terms of the interaction between the sub-Riemannian geometry and the heat semigroup $P_t$ corresponding to the sub-Laplacian. We give…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-07-30 Erlend Grong , Anton Thalmaier

Using i.i.d. data to estimate a high-dimensional distribution in Wasserstein distance is a fundamental instance of the curse of dimensionality. We explore how structural knowledge about the data-generating process which gives rise to the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-22 Daniel Bartl , Stephan Eckstein

We establish the boundedness of time derivatives of solutions to parabolic $p$-Laplace equations. Our approach relies on the Bernstein technique combined with a suitable approximation method. As a consequence, we obtain an optimal…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-03-07 Se-Chan Lee , Yuanyuan Lian , Hyungsung Yun , Kai Zhang

We consider the linear heat equation on a bounded domain. We study estimates of the derivatives, up to the second order, of the solution locally in time in the Lebesgue spaces. We give a self-contained proof of the estimates in the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-05-13 Yoshinori Furuto , Tsukasa Iwabuchi , Ryusei Kohama

Generalization of the heat conduction equation is obtained by considering the system of equations consisting of the energy balance equation and fractional-order constitutive heat conduction law, assumed in the form of the distributed-order…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-19 Velibor Želi , Dušan Zorica

Variational problems that involve Wasserstein distances have been recently proposed to summarize and learn from probability measures. Despite being conceptually simple, such problems are computationally challenging because they involve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-08-26 Marco Cuturi , Gabriel Peyré

We study the Ricci-Bourguignon flow on warped product manifolds with noncompact base. This setting leads naturally to a parabolic partial differential equation on the space of smooth warping functions, arising from the necessary and…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-17 José N. V. Gomes , Willian I. Tokura , Hikaru Yamamoto

We present a general blow-up technique to obtain local regularity estimates for solutions, and their derivatives, of second order elliptic equations in divergence form in H\"older spaces with variable exponent. The procedure allows to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Stefano Vita

We derive existence results and first order necessary optimality conditions for optimal control problems governed by quasilinear parabolic PDEs with a class of first order nonlinearities that include for instance quadratic gradient terms.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Lucas Bonifacius , Fabian Hoppe , Hannes Meinlschmidt , Ira Neitzel

The recent investigation into the phenomena of refraction and reflection at temporal boundaries, conducted through the lens of spacetime duality, has attracted considerable scholarly interest. This duality unveils insights into the…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-21 Jing Wang , Yuetao Chen , Shaoyan Gao

We study the large deviation rate functional for the empirical distribution of independent Brownian particles with drift. In one dimension, it has been shown by Adams, Dirr, Peletier and Zimmer that this functional is asymptotically…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-01-11 Matthias Erbar , Jan Maas , Michiel Renger

We study the inverse problems for the second order hyperbolic equations of general form with time-dependent coefficients assuming that the boundary data are given on a part of the boundary. The main result of this paper is the determination…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Gregory Eskin

This work is devoted to the Lipschitz contraction and the long time behavior of certain Markov processes. These processes diffuse and jump. They can represent some natural phenomena like size of cell or data transmission over the Internet.…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-12 Bertrand Cloez

We consider a class of Boussinesq systems of Bona-Smith type in two space dimensions approximating surface wave flows modelled by the three-dimensional Euler equations. We show that various initial-boundary-value problems for these systems,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-07-29 Vassilios Dougalis , Dimitrios Mitsotakis , Jean-Claude Saut

A Wasserstein spaces is a metric space of sufficiently concentrated probability measures over a general metric space. The main goal of this paper is to estimate the largeness of Wasserstein spaces, in a sense to be precised. In a first…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2012-07-17 Benoit Kloeckner

In this article, we study Wasserstein-type metrics and corresponding barycenters for mixtures of a chosen subset of probability measures called atoms hereafter. In particular, this works extends what was proposed by Delon and Desolneux [A…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-20 Geneviève Dusson , Virginie Ehrlacher , Nathalie Nouaime

We develop a general method to prove the existence of spectral gaps for Markov semigroups on Banach spaces. Unlike most previous work, the type of norm we consider for this analysis is neither a weighted supremum norm nor an ${\L}^p$-type…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Martin Hairer , Jonathan C. Mattingly
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