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We study the properties of cosmic-ray (CR) driven galactic winds from the warm interstellar medium using idealized spherically symmetric time-dependent simulations. The key ingredients in the model are radiative cooling and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-11 Shaunak Modak , Eliot Quataert , Yan-Fei Jiang , Todd A. Thompson

Galactic winds regulate star formation in disk galaxies and help to enrich the circum-galactic medium. They are therefore crucial for galaxy formation, but their driving mechanism is still poorly understood. Recent studies have demonstrated…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-31 Svenja Jacob , Rüdiger Pakmor , Christine M. Simpson , Volker Springel , Christoph Pfrommer

Galactic winds are observed in many spiral galaxies with sizes from dwarfs up to the Milky Way, and they sometimes carry a mass in excess of that of newly formed stars by up to a factor of ten. Multiple driving processes of such winds have…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 M. Uhlig , C. Pfrommer , M. Sharma , B. B. Nath , T. A. Ensslin , V. Springel

Cosmic rays (CRs) are a plausible mechanism for launching winds of cool material from the discs of star-forming galaxies. However, there is no consensus on what types of galaxies likely host CR-driven winds, or what role these winds might…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-03-03 Roland M. Crocker , Mark R. Krumholz , Todd A. Thompson

We use analytic calculations and time-dependent spherically-symmetric simulations to study the properties of isothermal galactic winds driven by cosmic-rays (CRs) streaming at the Alfv\'en velocity. The simulations produce time-dependent…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-24 Eliot Quataert , Yan-Fei Jiang , Todd A. Thompson

Feedback processes in galaxies dictate their structure and evolution. Baryons can be cycled through stars, which inject energy into the interstellar medium (ISM) in supernova explosions, fueling multiphase galactic winds. Cosmic rays (CRs)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-16 Brandon Sike , Timon Thomas , Mateusz Ruszkowski , Christoph Pfrommer , Matthias Weber

Cosmic rays (CRs) have recently re-emerged as attractive candidates for mediating feedback in galaxies because of their long cooling timescales. They can have energy densities comparable to the thermal gas, but do not suffer catastrophic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-25 Joshua Wiener , Christoph Pfrommer , S. Peng Oh

Galactic-scale winds are a generic feature of massive galaxies with high star formation rates across a broad range of redshifts. Despite their importance, a detailed physical understanding of what drives these mass-loaded global flows has…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Munier Salem , Greg L. Bryan

Cosmic rays (CRs) are transported out of the galaxy by diffusion and advection due to streaming along magnetic field lines and resonant scattering off self-excited Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic (MHD) waves. Thus momentum is transferred to the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-02 E. A. Dorfi , D. Steiner , F. Ragossnig , D. Breitschwerdt

The physics of Cosmic ray (CR) transport remains a key uncertainty in assessing whether CRs can produce galaxy-scale outflows consistent with observations. In this paper, we elucidate the physics of CR-driven galactic winds for CR transport…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-24 Eliot Quataert , Todd A. Thompson , Yan-Fei Jiang

Galactic outflows influence the evolution of galaxies not only by expelling gas from their disks but also by injecting energy into the circumgalactic medium (CGM). This alters or even prevents the inflow of fresh gas onto the disk and thus…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-04 Timon Thomas , Christoph Pfrommer , Rüdiger Pakmor

We study winds in high redshift galaxies driven by a relativistic cosmic ray (proton) component in addition to the hot thermal gas component. Cosmic rays (CRs) are likely to be efficiently generated in supernova shocks inside galaxies. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Saumyadip Samui , Kandaswamy Subramanian , Raghunathan Srianand

Feedback mediated by cosmic rays (CRs) is an important process in galaxy formation. Because CRs are long-lived and because they are transported along magnetic field lines independently of any gas flow, they can efficiently distribute their…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-24 Timon Thomas , Christoph Pfrommer , Rüdiger Pakmor

Recently, cosmic ray (CR) feedback has been identified as a critical process in galaxy formation but most previous simulations have integrated out the energy-dependence of the CR distribution, despite its large extent over more than twelve…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-15 Philipp Girichidis , Christoph Pfrommer , Rüdiger Pakmor , Volker Springel

Feedback from massive stars is believed to play a critical role in driving galactic super-winds that enrich the IGM and shape the galaxy mass function and mass-metallicity relation. In previous papers, we introduced new numerical methods…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-22 Philip F. Hopkins , Eliot Quataert , Norman Murray

The physics of cosmic rays (CR) is a promising candidate for explaining the driving of galactic winds and outflows. Recent galaxy formation simulations have demonstrated the need for active CR transport either in the form of diffusion or…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-07-19 Ruediger Pakmor , Christoph Pfrommer , Christine M. Simpson , Volker Springel

Cosmic rays (CRs) are dynamically important for the formation and evolution of galaxies by regulating star formation and by powering galactic outflows. However, to what extent CRs regulate galaxy formation depends on the coupling strength…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-27 Philipp Girichidis , Maria Werhahn , Christoph Pfrommer , Rüdiger Pakmor , Volker Springel

This study explores the dynamical impact of cosmic rays (CRs) in Milky Way-like galaxies using the Rhea simulation suite. Cosmic rays, with their substantial energy density, influence the interstellar medium (ISM) by supporting galactic…

We present 2-D hydrodynamic simulation of rotating galactic winds driven by radiation. We study the structure and dynamics of the cool and/or warm component($T \simeq 10^4$ K) which is mixed with dust. We have taken into account the total…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-04 Indranil Chattopadhyay , Mahavir Sharma , Biman B. Nath , Dongsu Ryu

Cosmic rays are transported out of the galaxy by diffusion and advection due to streaming along magnetic field lines and resonant scattering off self-excited MHD waves. Thus momentum is transferred to the plasma via the frozen-in waves as a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-04-05 E. A. Dorfi , D. Breitschwerdt
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