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In modern VLSI design flow, the register-transfer level (RTL) stage is a critical point, where designers define precise design behavior with hardware description languages (HDLs) like Verilog. Since the RTL design is in the format of HDL…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Wenji Fang , Yao Lu , Shang Liu , Qijun Zhang , Ceyu Xu , Lisa Wu Wills , Hongce Zhang , Zhiyao Xie

This paper summarizes the idea of Tiered-Latency DRAM (TL-DRAM), which was published in HPCA 2013, and examines the work's significance and future potential. The capacity and cost-per-bit of DRAM have historically scaled to satisfy the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Donghyuk Lee , Yoongu Kim , Vivek Seshadri , Jamie Liu , Lavanya Subramanian , Onur Mutlu

Recurrent Neural Networks with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) make use of gating mechanisms to mitigate exploding and vanishing gradients when learning long-term dependencies. For this reason, LSTMs and other gated RNNs are widely adopted,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Federico Landi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

This paper investigates the motion planning of autonomous dynamical systems modeled by Markov decision processes (MDP) with unknown transition probabilities over continuous state and action spaces. Linear temporal logic (LTL) is used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Mingyu Cai , Mohammadhosein Hasanbeig , Shaoping Xiao , Alessandro Abate , Zhen Kan

Recently, research has increasingly focused on developing efficient neural network architectures. In this work, we explore logic gate networks for machine learning tasks by learning combinations of logic gates. These networks comprise logic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Felix Petersen , Christian Borgelt , Hilde Kuehne , Oliver Deussen

Upside Down Reinforcement Learning (UDRL) is a promising framework for solving reinforcement learning problems which focuses on learning command-conditioned policies. In this work, we extend UDRL to the task of learning a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Jacopo Di Ventura , Dylan R. Ashley , Vincent Herrmann , Francesco Faccio , Jürgen Schmidhuber

We propose a Digit-Serial Left-tO-righT (DSLOT) arithmetic based processing technique called DSLOT-NN with aim to accelerate inference of the convolution operation in the deep neural networks (DNNs). The proposed work has the ability to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Muhammad Sohail Ibrahim , Muhammad Usman , Malik Zohaib Nisar , Jeong-A Lee

The inherent capabilities of a language model (LM) and the reasoning strategies it employs jointly determine its performance in reasoning tasks. While test-time scaling is regarded as an effective approach to tackling complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhihong Pan , Kai Zhang , Yuze Zhao , Yupeng Han

The energy and latency costs of deep neural network inference are increasingly driven by deployment rather than training, motivating hardware-specialized alternatives to arithmetic-heavy models. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Simon Bührer , Andreas Plesner , Aczel Till , Roger Wattenhofer

A large amount of research is currently going on in the field of reversible logic, which have low heat dissipation, low power consumption, which is the main factor to apply reversible in digital VLSI circuit design. This paper introduces…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-09-16 Neeraj Kumar Misra , Mukesh Kumar Kushwaha , Subodh Wairya , Amit Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit factual inconsistencies and logical decay in extended, multi-turn dialogues, a challenge stemming from their reliance on static, pre-trained knowledge and an inability to reason adaptively over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xiang Lei , Qin Li , Min Zhang , Min Zhang

In response to the trade-off between control performance and computational burden hindering the deployment of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in power inverters, this paper presents a novel model-free control framework leveraging policy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Yang Yang , Chenggang Cui , Xitong Niu , Jiaming Liu , Chuanlin Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across diverse tasks, but their effectiveness often depends on the quality of the provided context. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enriches prompts with external information, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Oussama Gabouj , Kamel Charaf , Ivan Zakazov , Nicolas Baldwin , Robert West

As CMOS nears the end of the projected scaling roadmap, significant effort has been devoted to the search for new materials and devices that can realize memory and logic. Spintronics, is one of the promising directions for the Post-CMOS…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-11-18 Zoha Pajouhi , Swagath Venkataramani , Karthik Yogendra , Anand Raghunathan , Kaushik Roy

The configurable building blocks of current FPGAs -- Logic blocks (LBs), Digital Signal Processing (DSP) slices, and Block RAMs (BRAMs) -- make them efficient hardware accelerators for the rapid-changing world of Deep Learning (DL).…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Aman Arora , Bagus Hanindhito , Lizy K. John

A critical stage in the evolving landscape of VLSI design is the design phase that is transformed into register-transfer level (RTL), which specifies system functionality through hardware description languages like Verilog. Generally,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Anindita Chattopadhyay , Vijay Kumar Sutrakar

Early, tool-free prediction of post-synthesis timing remains a key obstacle to rapid RTL iteration. We introduce TimingLLM, a two-stage retrieval-augmented LLM pipeline that estimates worst negative slack (WNS) and total negative slack…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Armin Abdollahi , Negin Ashrafi , Mehdi Kamal , Massoud Pedram

While Spin Waves (SW) interaction provides natural support for low power Majority (MAJ) gate implementations many hurdles still exists on the road towards the realization of practically relevant SW circuits. In this paper we leave the SW…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Arne Van Zegbroeck , Pantazis Anagnostou , Said Hamdioui , Christop Adelmann , Florin Ciubotaru , Sorin Cotofana

Long short-term memory (LSTM) is one of the robust recurrent neural network architectures for learning sequential data. However, it requires considerable computational power to learn and implement both software and hardware aspects. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Nelly Elsayed , Zag ElSayed , Anthony S. Maida

Logic Programming languages and combinational circuit synthesis tools share a common "combinatorial search over logic formulae" background. This paper attempts to reconnect the two fields with a fresh look at Prolog encodings for the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Paul Tarau , Brenda Luderman